Budget (2014-15) Announcement Financing of Joint Farming groups of ‘Bhoomi Heen Kisan’ - RBI - Reserve Bank of India
Budget (2014-15) Announcement Financing of Joint Farming groups of ‘Bhoomi Heen Kisan’
RBI/2014-15/304 November 13, 2014 The Chairman and Managing Director Dear Sir Budget (2014-15) Announcement As per Para 80 of the Union Budget, it has been declared that 5 lakh Joint Liability Groups of ‘Bhoomi Heen Kisan’ will be financed through NABARD in the current financial year. The detailed guidelines, based on the inputs received from NABARD on financing of JLGs, in general, are annexed. 2. As State-wise targets have already been allocated and progress is to be monitored through SLBCs, banks may follow these guidelines for financing of JLGs of ‘Bhoomi Heen Kisan’ and ensure that the targets assigned to them are achieved during the financial year and progress reports are submitted regularly to NABARD as indicated in the guidelines. Yours faithfully (Madhavi Sharma) Encl: as above Financing of Joint Liability Groups Keeping the basic concept and approach for financing of JLGs unchanged (as per the guidelines circulated earlier by NABARD/IBA to banks and furnished in the Appendix), a revised approach of financing the JLGs on a mission mode both for farm and non-farm activities has been evolved by NABARD. 1. Enabling Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) within and outside SHGs A few members of SHGs may graduate faster to start or expand economic activities requiring much higher levels of loans than other SHG members. In such cases, other members may not like to stand mutual guarantee for large sized loans for these members. In such cases, a “Joint Liability Group (JLG)” may be created consisting of such members of one or more SHGs. The members of JLG will continue to remain members of the SHGs and continue to participate in the activities of SHGs as earlier. Banks may encourage creation of such enterprise / livelihood based JLGs within SHGs. Banks may finance these JLGs in addition to the loan / credit limit extended to the SHGs. There may be certain deserving Small Farmers (SF) / Marginal Farmers (MF) / Tenant Farmers / Oral Lessees / Share Croppers / Micro Entrepreneurs / Artisans who have not yet been covered by SHGs. They may also need bank loan for taking up Livelihood/ Farming activities. The JLG formed of such members may also be provided with adequate credit support by banks. 2. Cluster approach in JLG promotion Banks may undertake efforts to promote and finance JLGs on a cluster basis for agriculture as well as activities allied to agriculture and non-farm activities. This will not only help in training and improved monitoring of these groups, but would also enable these groups to aggregate into Producers’ Groups at a later stage. Such an approach may help the JLGs to contribute positively to the agricultural value chain and enhance agricultural production and productivity by leveraging on economies of scale. This approach would be particularly effective in command areas of developed watersheds, tribal area schemes and product based clusters. 3. Assessing Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) for Bank Finance Many banks would have developed their own assessment techniques for financing JLGs. A suggestive appraisal tool for use by the financing banks, as given by NABARD, is furnished in Annex II. Banks may either use the suggested tool or their own assessment tool while appraising and financing JLGs. 4. Training requirements Capacity building training for financing the JLGs requires multiple levels of interventions i.e. at bank level, at promoting institutes’ level and at JLG level. Training of bank officers both at field level and controlling office level are required for this endeavour. Banks may leverage on their training establishments for training their staff in JLG financing. NABARD will provide support and organise Bank specific programmes for branch level staff as also suitable awareness programmes for its middle level / senior officials. Banks may forward specific requests for the same to NABARD’s Regional offices. It will also continue to support the publicity measures and capacity building initiatives of institutes like NGOs, Farmers’ Clubs, KVKs, Govt. Departments, etc. for promoting the JLGs. 5. Incentive for promotion of JLGs NABARD will also provide grant assistance to Banks and other JLPIs for formation, nurturing and financing of new JLGs @ Rs.2,000 per JLG. Banks may consider the option of entering into a Tripartite Agreement with NABARD and other JLG promoting Institutes (JLPI) where they shall take the onus of extending credit support to JLGs and NABARD shall provide grant assistance to the JLPIs for promotion and nurturing of JLGs. The incentive will be available to the bank even if they use their own staff or BC/BF as their JLPI. The incentive shall be linked with the financing of the JLGs. The incentive amount shall be released in three instalments as indicated below.
6. Financing JLGs through BCs / BFs Incentive to banks as indicated in para 5 will now be available for using BCs / BFs also in promotion and financing of JLGs. By availing services of BCs / BFs in financing JLGs, the banks can not only increase the credit flow to the targeted population, but also improve their overall asset quality in JLG financing. 7. NABARD Refinance NABARD will provide 100% refinance assistance under investment credit to all banks against their lending to JLGs. 8. Monitoring and Review of financing through JLGs Considering the priorities being attached by Government of India in financing landless farmers’ groups through JLG mode of financing, banks may closely monitor the progress regularly at various levels. Therefore, monitoring of JLG financing may be made a regular item on the agenda for discussion at the SLBC, DCC and BLBC meetings. It should be reviewed at the highest corporate level of banks on a quarterly basis. A progress report on JLG financing may be sent to NABARD (Micro Credit Innovations Department), Mumbai, on a monthly basis as per the format given in Annex III. Suggested rating norms for financing Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) to be done by the financing banks
Format for reporting State wise progress under Financing of JLGs Name of the financing Bank : Progress as on end of month
Financing through Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) 1. Objectives:
2. General features of JLG : A Joint Liability Group (JLG) is an informal group comprising of 4-10 individuals coming together for the purpose of availing bank loan on individual basis or through group mechanism against mutual guarantee. Generally, the members of a JLG would engage in a similar type of economic activity. In certain groups, members may prefer to undertake different type of economic activities as well. The members would offer a joint undertaking to the bank to enable them to avail loans. JLG members are expected to provide support to each other in carrying out occupational and social activities. 3. Criteria for membership: i) Members should belong to similar socio-economic status, background and environment carrying out farming and Allied activities and who agree to function as a joint liability group. This way the groups would be homogeneous and organized by likeminded farmers/Individuals and develop mutual trust and respect. ii) The members should be residing in the same village/ area/ neighbourhood and should know and trust each other well enough to take up joint liability for group/individual Loans. iii) Members who have defaulted to any other formal financial Institution, in the past, are debarred from the Group Membership. iv) More than one person from the same family should not be included in the same JLG. 4. Group Approach: i. All members of the JLG should be active enough to assume leadership of the group to ensure the activities of the JLG. The selection of an effective /able/active leader for the JLG is essential as this will ultimately benefit all the JLG members. The leader fosters a sense of unity, oversees and maintains discipline, shares information and facilitates repayments. For the bank, he is the focal point for group activities, although all the members are liable jointly and severally. ii. The JLG should hold regular meetings which must be attended by all the members regularly to discuss issues of mutual interests. iii. The principles of self - help and group strength need to be emphasised. Group cohesion has to be ensured. Adequate emphasis should be placed on the roles, expectations and functions of the group/ members & the benefits of group dynamics. iv. The JLG can easily serve as a conduit for technology transfer, facilitating common access to market information, for training and technology dissemination in activities like soil testing, training and assessing input requirements. v. The JLGs for specific activity, e.g. production of pulses / vegetables/ fruits may be federated at village/ block level for development of the product. vi. The JLG in the clusters on their stabilization could come together in the form of cluster federation or producers’ companies with a view to contributing the entire value chain and thereby achieving economies of scale in procurement, processing and marketing of the produce. vii. The JLGs and evolving JLG structures are expected to build up empathy and understanding and create responsive lending mechanisms leading to greater interaction and interdependence between the members of JLGs. 5. Savings : JLG members need to be encouraged to save regularly. Banks may open savings account by the JLG / individual members of the JLG to ensure regular savings and thrift habit amongst them. In case of group saving accounts, suitable accounts should be maintained at JLG level. However the quantum of loan to be given to the groups should be related to the credit needs of the enterprise and not to the quantum of saving. 6. JLG Models : Banks can finance JLGs by adopting any of the two models. Model A – Financing Individuals in the JLG. Each member of the JLG should be provided an individual KCC / GCC or term loan. The financing bank could assess the credit requirement, based on the crop to be cultivated, available cultivable land /activity to be undertaken and the credit absorption capacity of the individual. Similar assessment of credit need would be done in case of off-farm activities like dairy, poultry, etc. and nonfarm activities. All members would jointly execute a loan document, making each one jointly and severally liable for repayment of all loans taken by all individuals belonging to the group. The mutual agreement needs to ensure consensus among all members about the amount of individual debt liability that will be created including liability created out of the individual KCC. Any member opting out of group or joining the group, will necessitate a new loan agreement, to be kept on record in the bank branch. Model B – Financing the JLG as a Group. The JLG functions, operationally as one borrowing unit in this model. The group would be eligible for accessing one loan, which could be combined credit requirement of all its members. The credit assessment of the group could be based on the available cultivable area of each member of the JLG/ activity to be undertaken for farm sector, off-farm sector or non-farm sector. All members would jointly execute the document and own the debt liability jointly and severally. The mutual agreement needs to ensure consensus among all members about the amount of individual debt liability that will be created. Any change in composition of the group, will lead to a new document being registered by the bank branch. 7. Credit Appraisal: Banks may conduct a thorough credit appraisal to avoid under or over-financing. Suitable assessment tools may be applied for the purpose of rating of JLGs. The finance to JLG is expected to be a flexible credit product addressing the credit requirements of its members including crop production, marketing and investment credit, besides other productive purposes in the agriculture, allied sectors as well as non-farm activities. All other norms of financing including rate of interest, margin on security, documentation, coverage under crop insurance scheme and personal accident insurance, etc., may be followed by the bank as per its regular norms. 8. Credit to JLGs to form normal business activity under Priority Sector: To be governed by the guidelines on Priority Sector Lending issued by RBI from time to time. 9. Monitoring and Review: i) The JLGs through peer pressure ensure loan utilization and timely repayment. The bank may hold all members liable in case of default. ii) The bank’s loan officers are expected to maintain harmonious relations and continuous close contact and relationship with the JLG leader and other members so as to convert them into good reliable customers of the bank. Maintenance of good credit history by the JLGs will gradually lead to lowering of the bank’s own transaction costs in terms of intensity of appraisal and monitoring. 10. Capacity Building: Banks may undertake capacity building measures like conduct of training programmes for stakeholders, awareness and sensitization of JLG concept both for bank’s own staff as well as the target group. The bank’s operating staff should be familiar with the concept, benefits for the banks and clients under the programme. NABARD would consider supporting capacity building programmes for Bank’s staff and other publicity measures, such as publication of pamphlets/ leaflets, use of media (print as well as others), etc. for greater awareness and orientation. |
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