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External Investments and Operations Overview Banner

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External Investments and Operations Overview

About About

About

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the custodian of the country’s foreign exchange reserves and is vested with the responsibility of managing their investment. The basic parameters of the Reserve Bank’s policies for foreign exchange reserves management are safety, liquidity and returns. The legal provisions governing management of foreign exchange reserves are laid down in the RBI Act, 1934. In brief, the law broadly permits the following investment categories: update scenario

    a) deposits with other central banks and the BIS;

    b) deposits with commercial banks overseas;

    c) debt instruments representing sovereign/sovereign-guaranteed liability with residual maturity for the debt papers not exceeding 10 years;

    d) other instruments / institutions as approved by the Central Board of the RBI in accordance with the provisions of the Act;

    e) Investment, sale, purchase and deposits in gold; and

    f) dealing in certain types of derivatives.
  •  
  • While safety and liquidity continue to be the twin-pillars of reserves management, return optimisation has become an embedded strategy within this framework. The Reserve Bank has framed policy guidelines stipulating stringent eligibility criteria for issuers, counterparties, and investments to be made with them to enhance the safety and liquidity of reserves. The Reserve Bank, in consultation with the Government, continuously reviews the reserves management strategies.
  •  
    • In the RBI, the work related to the reserves management is handled in the Department of External Investments and Operations (DEIO).

External Investments and Operations Key Topics

Key Topics

RBI External Investments and Operations Overview Accordion

Date : July 19, 2024

Item As on July 12, 2024 Variation Over
Week End-March 2024 Year
₹ Cr. Us$ Mn. ₹ Cr. Us$ Mn. ₹ Cr. Us$ Mn. ₹ Cr. Us$ Mn.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Total Reserves 5570621 666854 83833 9699 179365 20435 566604 57832
1.1 Foreign Currency Assets # 4890773 585470 72311 8361 128928 14520 452482 45304
1.2 Gold 490045 58663 10528 1231 50726 5988 118681 13466
1.3 SDRs 151296 18111 710 76 72 -20 -583 -373
1.4 Reserve Position in the IMF 38507 4609 284 32 -362 -53 -3977 -565
* Difference, if any, is due to rounding off.
# Excludes (a) SDR holdings of the Reserve Bank, as they are included under the SDR holdings; (b) investment in bonds issued by IIFC (UK); and (c) amounts lent under the SAARC and ACU currency swap arrangements.

Date : July 19, 2024

Item Outstanding as on Variation over
2024 Week Financial Year so far Year-on-Year
2023-24 2024-25 2023 2024
Mar. 31 Jul. 12 Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Reserve Money 4631446 4681373 -36137 -0.8 -32882 -0.7 49927 1.1 229363 5.6 327496 7.5
1 Components (1.1+1.2+1.3)                        
1.1 Currency in Circulation 3511461 3574406 2665 0.1 -26227 -0.8 62944 1.8 136482 4.2 222112 6.6
1.2 Bankers' Deposits with RBI 1025449 1014996 -38619 -3.7 -3513 -0.4 -10452 -1.0 75455 8.9 88032 9.5
1.3 ‘Other’ Deposits with RBI 94536 91971 -183 -0.2 -3143 -4.0 -2565 -2.7 17426 30.5 17352 23.3
2 Sources (2.1+2.2+2.3+2.4-2.5)                        
2.1 Net RBI Credit to Government 1193213 1081536 -59802   -206212   -111676   113978   -163378  
2.1.1 Net RBI Credit to Centre 1186655 1065219 -50324   -223016   -121436   114142   -162141  
2.2 RBI Credit to Banks & Commercial Sector -46147 -133793 -7247   -74909   -87646   1749   35559  
2.2.1 RBI's Net Claims on Banks -60553 -144900 -7324   -52405   -84347   30784   28496  
2.3 Net Foreign Exchange Assets of RBI 5240824 5418428 83472 1.6 248558 5.4 177604 3.4 416759 9.4 582514 12.0
2.4 Government’s Currency Liabilities to the Public 33432 34065     639 2.1 634 1.9 2474 8.7 3141 10.2
2.5 Net Non-Monetary Liabilities of RBI 1789875 1718864 52560 3.2 959 0.1 -71012 -4.0 305597 23.8 130340 8.2

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Page Last Updated on: January 18, 2023

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