Ans: Creation and issuance of retail e₹ is identical to the arrangement for issuance of paper currency i.e., RBI creates e₹ and issues them to banks and non-banks electronically. Banks and non-banks, thereafter, are responsible for facilitating onboarding and opening e₹ wallets for their customers on their mobile phones. The e₹ issuance, distribution, and usage within the retail segment (for members of the public) is live in pilot mode with effect from December 1, 2022. The users and merchants of identified pilot banks and non-banks across the country can use e₹.

Answer: A person resident outside India, having business interest in India, may open a Special Non-Resident Rupee Account (SNRR account), with an authorised dealer in India or its branch outside India for the purpose of putting through permissible current and capital account transactions with a person resident in India in accordance with the Act, rules and regulations framed under the Act, and for putting through any transaction with a person resident outside India.

The differences between SNRR account and NRO account are:

Feature	SNRR Account	NRO Account
Who can open	Any person resident outside India, having a business interest in India for putting through bona fide transactions in rupees. Opening of SNRR accounts by Pakistan and Bangladesh nationals and entities incorporated in Pakistan and Bangladesh requires prior approval of Reserve Bank.	Any person resident outside India for putting through bonafide transactions in rupees. Individuals/ entities of Pakistan nationality/ origin and entities of Bangladesh origin require the prior approval of the Reserve Bank of India. However, a citizen of Bangladesh/Pakistan belonging to minority communities in those countries i.e. Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians residing in India and who has been granted LTV or whose application for LTV is under consideration, can open one NRO account with an AD bank subject to the conditions mentioned in Notification No. FEMA 5(R)/2016-RB dated April 01, 2016, as updated from time to time.
Type of Account	Non-interest bearing	Current, Savings, Recurring or Fixed Deposit; Rate of interest – as per guidelines issued by Department of Regulation.
Permissible Transactions	Debits and credits specific/ incidental to the business proposed to be done by the account holder	Credits: Inward remittances, legitimate dues in India, transfers from other NRO accounts and any amount received in accordance with the Rules/Regulations/Directions under FEMA, 1999. Debits: Local payments, transfer to other NRO accounts, remittance of current income, settlement of charges on International Credit Cards.
Tenure	Concurrent to the tenure of the contract / period of operation / the business of the account holder.	No such restrictions on tenure.
Repatriability	Repatriable	Not repatriable except for current income; and remittances by NRIs/ PIOs up to USD 1 million per financial year in accordance with the provisions of FEMA 13(R).

Response: Government of India, vide its press release ID 2115009 dated March 25, 2025 has discontinued the Medium and Long Term Government Deposit (MLTGD) components of GMS. Accordingly, the mobilization of a MLTGD, including renewal, has been discontinued with effect from March 26, 2025. There is no change in the provisions pertaining to STBD under GMS.

Banks have been advised to put in place loan policies governing extension of credit facilities for the MSE sector duly approved by their Board of Directors (Refer circular RPCD.SME & NFS.BC.No.102/06.04.01/2008-09 dated May 4, 2009). Banks have, however, been advised to sanction limits after proper appraisal of the genuine working capital requirements of the borrowers keeping in mind their business cycle and short-term credit requirement. As per Nayak Committee Report, working capital limits to SSI units is computed on the basis of minimum 20% of their estimated turnover up to credit limit of Rs.5 crore.

Yes. REs may formulate an appropriate Board approved policy and adopt a suitable structure of penal charges that is ‘reasonable’ and ‘commensurate’ with the non-compliance of material terms and conditions of the loan contract.

ಇಲ್ಲ. ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗತವಾಗಿ ಬಿಎಸ್ಬಿಡಿಎ ತೆರೆಯುವವರಿಗೆ ವಯಸ್ಸು ಮತ್ತು ಆದಾಯ ಮುಂತಾದ ನಿರ್ಬಂಧನೆಗಳನ್ನು ಹೇರಬಾರದೆಂದು ಬ್ಯಾಂಕುಗಳಿಗೆ ಆದೇಶ ನೀಡಲಾಗಿದೆ.

Ans: In terms of MD-TLE dated September 24, 2021, Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks (PUCBs), State Co-operative Banks (StCBs) and Central Co-operative Banks (CCBs) have been recognised as eligible transferors of stressed loans. The relevant provisions of circular “Guidelines on Sale of Financial Assets to Securitisation Company/Reconstruction Company (SC/RC) by Multi State Urban Cooperative Banks’ dated March 28, 2014, in terms of which only multistate cooperative banks could sell stressed assets to ARCs have been repealed. Accordingly, all cooperative banks are permitted to transfer stressed assets to ARCs in compliance with the provisions of the MD-TLE and other extant regulatory instructions.

The Resolution Framework may be invoked for resolution of all exposures of lending institutions to eligible borrowers, including investment exposures. However, the Resolution Framework is without prejudice to all applicable guidelines issued by the relevant financial sector regulators and other Departments of the RBI in respect of any particular exposure.

Ans. With effect from July 01, 2019, RBI has waived the processing charges levied by it for RTGS transactions. Banks may pass on the benefit to its customers. With a view to rationalise the service charges levied by banks for offering funds transfer through RTGS system, a broad framework of charges has been mandated as under: a) Inward transactions – Free, no charge to be levied. b) Outward transactions – ₹ 2,00,000/- to 5,00,000/-: not exceeding ₹ 25/- (exclusive of tax, if any) Above ₹ 5,00,000/-: not exceeding ₹ 50 (exclusive of tax, if any) Banks may decide to charge a lower rate but cannot charge more than the rates prescribed by RBI.

ಉತ್ತರ. ಈ ಪಿಪಿಐಗಳನ್ನು ಆ ಘಟಕದಿಂದ ಮಾತ್ರ ಸರಕುಗಳು ಹಾಗೂ ಸೇವೆಗಳನ್ನು ಖರೀದಿಸಲು ಅನುಕೂಲವಾಗುವಂತೆ ಒಂದು ಘಟಕದಿಂದ ನೀಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಹಣ ಹಿಂಪಡೆಯಲು ಅನುಮತಿಸುವುದಿಲ್ಲ . ಈ ಉಪಕರಣಗಳನ್ನು ಮೂರನೇಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಸೇವೆಗಳಿಗಾಗಿ ಪಾವತಿಸುವುದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಅಥವಾ ಹಣ ಸಂದಾಯಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಬಳಸಲಾಗದ ಕಾರಣ, ಅಂತಹ ಉಪಕರಣಗಳ ನೀಡಿಕೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಕಾರ್ಯಾಚರಣೆಯನ್ನು ಆರ್ಬಿಐ ಅನುಮೋದನೆ/ ಅಧಿಕೃತತೆಯ ಅಗತ್ಯವಿರುವ ಪೇಮೆಂಟ್ ಸಿಸ್ಟಮ್ ಎಂದು ವರ್ಗೀಕರಿಸಲಾಗಿಲ್ಲ.

• For calculating the index ratio for a specific date, daily reference WPI values would be linearly interpolated using ‘Ref WPI’ for the first day of the calendar month and the first day of the following calendar month.

• The formula for computing the reference WPI for a particular day is as under:

  

  [Ref WPI_M = Ref WPI for the first day of the calendar month in which Date falls, Ref WPI_M+1 = Ref WPI for the first day of the calendar month following the settlement date, D = Number of days in month (e.g. 31 days in August), and t= settlement date (e.g. August 6)]

• An example of daily reference WPI computed through interpolation is furnished below.

Date	Ref WPI (Given)	T-1	D	Ref WPI (Interpolation)
1-May-13	168.8
2-May-13		1	31	168.85
3-May-13		2	31	168.90
4-May-13		3	31	168.95
5-May-13		4	31	168.99
6-May-13		5	31	169.04
7-May-13		6	31	169.09
8-May-13		7	31	169.14
9-May-13		8	31	169.19
10-May-13		9	31	169.24
11-May-13		10	31	169.28
12-May-13		11	31	169.33
13-May-13		12	31	169.38
14-May-13		13	31	169.43
15-May-13		14	31	169.48
16-May-13		15	31	169.53
17-May-13		16	31	169.57
18-May-13		17	31	169.62
19-May-13		18	31	169.67
20-May-13		19	31	169.72
21-May-13		20	31	169.77
22-May-13		21	31	169.82
23-May-13		22	31	169.86
24-May-13		23	31	169.91
25-May-13		24	31	169.96
26-May-13		25	31	170.01
27-May-13		26	31	170.06
28-May-13		27	31	170.11
29-May-13		28	31	170.15
30-May-13		29	31	170.20
31-May-13		30	31	170.25
1-June-13	170.3

The application is automatically inwarded in the receiving office/ department and marked to the administrator of that department.

Ans : Yes, however, such NBFC-Factors will need to obtain the necessary authorization from the Foreign Exchange Department of the Bank under FEMA 1999 as amended and adhere to all the FEMA regulations in this regard.

While RBI will facilitate the trading platform for buying and selling of G-Secs, RBI shall not have any relationship, direct or otherwise, with any of the GAH granted access to NDS-OM Web. Further, the RBI has no role in any possible disputes between GAH and PM.

Ans : Yes NBFCs and NBFC-IFCs need to take prior approval from the Reserve Bank for sponsoring IDFs.

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has authorised various types of payment systems to enable transfer of funds. You may refer to the following link on RBI website to get overview of various payment systems available in India:

/en/web/rbi/payment-and-settlements

‘Direct from the source system without any manual intervention’ implies that whatever data and information is available in CBS and other IT systems of the banks would be submitted to the regulator without any manual aggregation, conversion or filling of data.  Activities like collecting or collating of data from diverse source systems and compiling them into RBI prescribed formats manually would fall within the meaning of manual intervention.

Ans The receiving branch acknowledges every transaction it receives after crediting the beneficiary’s account. The acknowledgment particulars reach the remitting branch as an inward message on Day 3 of the EFT processing cycle. The remitting branch will, therefore, have precise information as to when the beneficiary’s account was credited.

Permanent Account Number (PAN) is the KYC document for individuals depositing in the scheme. If a declarant does not hold PAN, he shall apply for PAN and provide the details of such PAN application along with acknowledgement number to the bank while making the application. On receipt of PAN, the details may be updated with the bank from which application was made.

All funds held in the same type of ownership at the same bank are added together before deposit insurance is determined. If the funds are in different types of ownership or are deposited into separate banks they would then be separately insured.