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Cheque Truncation System

Truncation is the process of stopping the flow of the physical cheque issued by a drawer at some point by the presenting bank en-route to the paying bank branch. In its place an electronic image of the cheque is transmitted to the paying branch through the clearing house, along with relevant information like data on the MICR band, date of presentation, presenting bank, etc. Cheque truncation thus obviates the need to move the physical instruments across bank branches, other than in exceptional circumstances for clearing purposes. This effectively eliminates the associated cost of movement of the physical cheques, reduces the time required for their collection and brings elegance to the entire activity of cheque processing.

Let’s assume a bank has following maturity profile of borrowings:

Sr. No. Original Maturity Balance outstanding as a percentage of total funds (other than equity) Cumulative weightage
1 5 years & above 15.1% 15.1%
2 3 years & above but less than 5 years 11.8% 26.9%
3 2 years & above but less than 3 years 9.3% 36.2%
4 1 year & above but less than 2 years 16.9% 53.1%
5 6 months & above but less than 1 year 24.3% 77.4%
6 91 days & above but less than 6 months 10.5% 87.9%
7 Up to 90 days 12.1% 100%
  Total 100%  

In this case, the MCLR shall correspond to the weighted average of tenor of the first three time buckets.

Ans. TReDS is an electronic platform for facilitating the financing / discounting of trade receivables of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through multiple financiers. These receivables can be due from corporates and other buyers, including Government Departments and Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs).

The incidence of fake Indian currency notes in higher denomination has increased. For ordinary persons, the fake notes look similar to genuine notes, even though no security feature has been copied. The fake notes are used for antinational and illegal activities. High denomination notes have been misused by terrorists and for hoarding black money. India remains a cash based economy hence the circulation of Fake Indian Currency Notes continues to be a menace. In order to contain the rising incidence of fake notes and black money, the scheme to withdraw legal tender character of the old Bank Notes in the denominations of ₹ 500 and ₹ 1000 was introduced.
  • Inflation rate will be based on the final combined Consumer Price Index [(CPI) base: 2010=100].

  • The final combined CPI will be used as reference CPI with a lag of three months. For example, the final combined CPI for September 2013 will be used as reference CPI for whole of December 2013.

Ans: Yes. The banks will have to maintain amount of specified securities for the amount received in TLTRO in its HTM book at all times till maturity of TLTRO.

Government securities offer the benefit of safety, liquidity and attractive returns to investors. With the enactment of the Government Securities Act, 2006 Government securities, including the Relief/Savings Bonds issued by the Government of India, have become more investor friendly. Investors of such bonds will particularly benefit from such changes in the Act. To create public awareness in this regard and as a customer friendly measure, the following Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) along with the answers have been released by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Government security (G-Sec) means a security created and issued by the Government for the purpose of raising a public loan or any other purpose as notified by the Government in the Official Gazette and having one of the following forms.

  1. a Government Promissory Note (GPN) payable to or to the order of a certain person; or

  2. a bearer bond payable to a bearer; or

  3. a stock; or

  4. a bond held in a Bond Ledger Account (BLA).

Ans : IDFs are investment vehicles which can be sponsored by commercial banks and NBFCs in India in which domestic/offshore institutional investors, specially insurance and pension funds can invest through units and bonds issued by the IDFs. IDFs would essentially act as vehicles for refinancing existing debt of infrastructure companies, thereby creating fresh headroom for banks to lend to fresh infrastructure projects. IDF-NBFCs would take over loans extended to infrastructure projects which are created through the Public Private Partnership (PPP) route and have successfully completed one year of commercial production. Such take-over of loans from banks would be covered by a Tripartite Agreement between the IDF, Concessionaire and the Project Authority for ensuring a compulsory buyout with termination payment in the event of default in repayment by the Concessionaire.

Ans. The PSS Act, 2007 received the assent of the President on 20th December 2007 and it came into force with effect from 12th August 2008.

Note: a) Since SNRR account has been allowed to be used for specified transactions in trade, foreign investments, External Commercial Borrowings, etc., in lieu of sending inward/outward remittances by a person resident outside India in a convertible foreign currency for each transaction with a resident or vice-versa, all precautions need to be taken by Authorized Dealer (AD) banks to ensure identification of the counterparty of such transactions. Some of such precautions are listed out in FAQs below. The onus of ensuring the use and identification of SNRR transactions as per guidelines falls on the AD banks.

b) The provisions of these FAQs will not apply to the SNRR accounts of FPIs, FVCIs and Depository Receipt / FCCB conversion accounts which are operated by a custodian and fall under para 7.1 (i) of Part II of the Master Directions on Deposits and Accounts.

  1. Payments initiated to the debit of SNRR Accounts: While handling INR payments to the debit of SNRR A/c favouring a person resident in India, AD Bank shall ensure that the transaction is communicated as SNRR transaction (including purpose code and country details, if applicable) to the recipient bank, either through electronic means or manually.

  2. Payments received for credit to SNRR Accounts: AD Bank holding SNRR account shall ensure that any domestic inward remittance received for credit to SNRR account should be confirmed as SNRR transaction as at A above.

  3. AD banks shall ensure compliance with various FEMA provisions as contained in the FEMA or the Rules or Regulations framed thereunder or directions issued thereunder in respect of all such transactions involving SNRR accounts.

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