Patna office of the Reserve Bank of India is located at the ancient capital of Patliputra in the state of Bihar. It is one of the earliest offices of the Bank. Even before Patna office was formally set up in 1959, Note Cancellation Section and Agriculture Credit Department of Kolkata Office had been functioning from the then Imperial Bank Building and Gupta Building, respectively. Gradually, the functions of Patna Office expanded and Patna Office was shifted to the present building located in South of Gandhi Maidan in December 1967. Issue Department began its operations from the new building from April 1, 1968. Deposit Accounts Department and Public Accounts Department started functioning after two years.

At present, Patna office has all the departments - operational and specialized, such as, Human Resources Management Department, Banking Department, Issue Department, National Clearing Cell, Department of Information Technology, Rajbhasha Cell, Estate Department, Establishment Section, Department of Economic and Policy Research, Department of Statistics and Information Management, Foreign Exchange Department, Department of Supervision, Financial Inclusion and Development Department. The office of Banking Ombudsman also functions from RBI Premises.