Introduction

This article analyses the results of the biennial sample Survey on Debits to Deposit Accounts with Scheduled Commercial Banks for the year 1997-98 (April-March) conducted by the Reserve Bank of India. Debits to deposit accounts of banks represent withdrawals made by depositors either in the form of cheques or in cash. Comparison of the total of such withdrawals for a certain period with the average balances held by the depositors in such accounts provides a measure of the extent to which depositors make use of the funds in their bank accounts for making payments.

2. The survey is a part of basic statistical returns (BSR) system and the required information is reported by the sample branches in BSR-6 returns. The selected branches were required to report outstanding balances in current and savings accounts as well as sanctioned limits in cash credit and overdraft accounts as on the last Friday of each quarter of the reference year. They also reported the total withdrawals from each of these types of accounts for each quarter of the reference year, which represent debit figures.

3. Excluding the administrative offices, Aggregate Deposits and Gross Bank Credit as on the last Friday of the quarter ended June 1997 were reported in BSR-7 return by 63,214 branches. This provided the sampling frame of the current survey. The branches for the purpose of the survey were selected as follows.

a)

The top 2000 branches with deposits above Rs.39.48 crore together with the branches of the Union Territories having 10 or less number of branches were selected as certainty branches. The total number of such branches selected was 2016.

b)

Out of the remaining branches, 3982 branches were selected by circular systematic sampling. In all, 5998 branches were selected for the survey. The filled-in returns in BSR-6 were received from 4925 branches forming 82.1 per cent of the selected branches. Based on the above sampling design the estimates of different characteristics have been built and presented in this article.

4. The deposit figures reported in the article relate to the averages of the estimated deposits as on the last Friday of each quarter in the reference year. The limits of cash credit and overdrafts also refer to averages of different quarters. Turnover of any particular type of deposit is worked out by dividing total debits charged to that category of deposit accounts during the reference year, by average of the corresponding deposits of the four quarters in the reference year. The results of this Survey are presented in two statements and ten tables. The statements present the distribution of deposits and approved limits in Cash Credit, Overdraft and corresponding debits according to population group and state as classificatory characteristics. The Table 1 presents the trends in deposits, debits and turnover ratio observed during the last four biennial Surveys and the same has been discussed in the following Section.

2.

Trends of turnover ratios during the period 1991-92 to 1997-98

The turnover rate of current deposits had been decreasing steadily from 67.1 per cent during 1991-92, to 66.6 per cent during 1993-94 and to 58.8 per cent during 1995-96. It decreased further to 54.6 per cent during 1997-98. The turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft accounts steadily increased from 13.2 per cent during 1991-92 to 16.9 per cent during the year 1993-94 and to 17.7 per cent during the year 1995-96. The turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft accounts, however, declined to 12.2 per cent for the year 1997-98. The combined rate of turnover of current deposits and credit limits which hitherto had been in the range of 31 to 35 per cent has decreased to 25.8 per cent during 1997-98 (see Graph 1).

TABLE 1 : TRENDS IN DEPOSITS, DEBITS AND TURNOVER RATIO

(Rupees Crore)

1991-92

1993-94

1995-96

1997-98

1

2

3

4

5

1.

Current Deposits

34,825

42,411

55,544

76,152

2.

Limits of Cash Credits and Overdrafts

69,272

79,180

1,09,106

1,60,736

3.

Debits to Current Deposits

23,36,004

28,26,218

32,63,937

41,56,690

4.

Debits to Cash Credits and Overdrafts

9,15,800

13,40,198

19,28,400

19,59,464

5.

Turnover of Current Deposits

67.1

66.6

58.8

54.6

(Ratio of 3 to 1)

6.

Turnover of Cash Credits and

13.2

16.9

17.7

12.2

Overdrafts (Ratio of 4 to 2)

7.

Savings Deposits

52,457

70,907

1,10,266

1,54,965

8.

Debits to Savings Deposits

2,90,207

3,77,114

6,07,345

8,44,868

9.

Turnover of Savings Deposits

5.5

5.3

5.5

5.5

(Ratio of 8 to 7)

10.

Turnover of Current Deposits,

31.2

34.3

31.5

25.8

Cash Credits and Overdrafts

(Ratio of 3+4 to 1+2)

11.

Overall Turnover

22.6

23.6

21.1

17.8

Savings deposits predominantly held by the household sector, had much lower turnover rate as compared to current deposits in all three previous surveys. The turnover rate of savings deposits which were found in the range 5.3 to 5.5 per cent in 1991-92,1993-94and 1995-96 now stands at 5.5 per cent (see Graph 2).

3.

Distribution of deposits and approved limits of cash credit, overdrafts together with debits by population group

The population group-wise distribution of deposits and credit limits together with debits to these accounts is presented in Statement I. The statement shows that the share of metropolitan centres in total current deposits decreased from 58.3 per cent in 1995-96 to 52.4 per cent in 1997-98, corresponding shares of rural and semi urban branches have increased from 5.4 to 8.8 per cent and 12.1 to 15.1 per cent during the survey period (see Graph 3).

The share of urban centres in total current deposits has marginally decreased from 24.2 to 23.6 per cent. The respective shares of savings deposits of rural,semi-urban, and urban branches were 28.8 per cent, 22.3 per cent and 19.1 per cent during the survey period. The share of metropolitan center has, however, decreased from 30.7 per cent in 1995-96 to 29.8 per cent in 1997 -98 (see Graph 4).

The share of approved limits sanctioned for cash credit and overdrafts accounts in rural, urban and metropolitan centers have remained stationary in composition in 1997-98 in comparison with 1995-96 (see Graph 4A). The share of semi-urban centres have however decreased from 11.1 per cent in 1995-96 to 8.4 percent in 1997-98.

4.

Population group-wise turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft limits

A reference to Table 2 shows that the turnover rate of current deposits for rural branches has decreased from 20.6 in 1995-96 to 17.3 in 1997-98. The turnover rate of savings deposits decreased marginally from 3.7 in 1995-96 to 3.5 in 1997-98 whereas the turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft limits has increased marginally during the period of this survey as compared to the corresponding results of the survey conducted for the period 1995-96 (see Graph 5).

TABLE 2 : POPULATION GROUP-WISE TURNOVER OF CURRENT DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFTS

TURNOVER OF

CURRENT

SAVINGS

CASH CREDIT

CURRENT

ALL DEPOSITS

POPULATION

YEAR

DEPOSITS

DEPOSITS

AND

DEPOSITS,

AND LIMITS

GROUP

OVERDRAFTS

CASH

CREDIT &

OVERDRAFTS

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Rural

1995-96

20.6

3.7

7.1

11.5

5.6

1997-98

17.3

3.5

7.4

11.5

5.6

Semi-urban

1995-96

54.6

5.9

13.4

28.2

15.7

1997-98

43.7

4.8

13.1

27.1

14.2

Urban

1995-96

59.9

5.9

21.3

36.9

23.9

1997-98

53.0

5.7

14.5

28.7

20.0

Metropolitan

1995-96

62.7

6.5

18.3

32.2

25.9

1997-98

64.8

7.7

11.9

26.2

21.8

All-India

1995-96

58.8

5.5

17.7

31.5

21.1

1997-98

54.6

5.5

12.2

25.8

17.8

The turnover rates of current deposits for semi-urban branches have decreased from 54.6 in 1995-96 to 43.7 in 1997-98. Similarly, the corresponding figures of savings deposit has also come down from 5.9 to 4.8. However, the turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft limits has marginally decreased from 13.4 in 1995-96 to 13.1 in 1997-98 (see Graph 6).

The urban area exhibited a decline in turnover rates of current and savings deposits from 59.9 and 5.9 in 1995-96 to 53.0 and 5.7 in 1997-98 respectively. The turnover ratio of cash credit and overdraft limits has also decreased from 21.3 in 1995-96 to 14.5 in 1997-98 (see Graph 7).

In metropolitan centres there was an increase in turnover rates of current deposits from 62.7 per cent in 1995-96 to 64.8 per cent in 1997-98. The turnover rate for cash credit and overdraft limits has decreased from 18.3 to 11.9 per cent for metropolitan branches, for the corresponding period. The decline in turnover ratios of all the deposits of urban and metropolitan branches indicate the possibility of subdued use of bank fund for business and industrial activities during the survey period. (see Graph 8).

5.

Analysis of average volume of business handled by an office

The population group-wise average volume of business handled per office is shown in Table 3. The average amount of current deposits per office at the all India level increased from Rs.87.4 lakh to Rs.137.6 lakh whereas the limits of cash credit and overdrafts increased from Rs.171.7 lakh to Rs.290.4 lakh between 1995-96 and 1997-98. In rural areas, average amount of deposits for all types of accounts increased in the last two consecutive surveys. Savings deposits per office in rural areas increased from Rs.85.6 lakh in 1995-96 to Rs.172.5 lakh in 1997-98. The average amount of savings deposits of an office increased from Rs.482.4 lakh to Rs.627.1 lakh in metropolitan areas, Rs.261.9 lakh to Rs.328.5 lakh in urban areas and from Rs.170.5 lakh to Rs.263.8 lakh for semi-urban branches during the two survey periods under reference. The average amount of current deposits per office increased from Rs.461.1 lakh to Rs.541.0 lakh in metropolitan areas and from Rs.145.9 lakh to Rs.200.2 lakh in urban areas between 1995-96 and 1997-98. The approved limits of cash credit and overdraft accounts increased for all the population groups, during the survey periods under reference, i.e. 1995-96 and 1997-98.

The average volume of business handled by an office also showed wide disparity among different bank groups (Table 4). The average business per office, as usual, was the lowest in respect of Regional Rural Banks. Foreign Banks, operating mostly in metropolitan and urban centres, showed the largest average amount of deposits and debits per office. The average amount of current deposits per office and limits of cash credit and overdraft in respect of Foreign Banks increased from Rs.2407.2 lakh to Rs.3478.9 lakh. The cash credit and overdraft limits of Foreign Banks also increased from 6621.9 lakh to 8408.0 lakh at an annual rate from 12.7 percent during 1997-98. The current deposits and debits to current deposits showed an increase in 1997-98 over 1995-96 for all bank groups. In case of State Bank of India and its Associates, average amount of current deposits per office increased from Rs.145.6 lakh to Rs.206.1 lakh and limits of cash credit and overdrafts increased from Rs.369.1 lakh to Rs.427.1 lakh between 1995-96 and 1997-98. In case of Nationalised Banks, average amount per office of current deposits increased from Rs.98.3 lakh to Rs.124.6 lakh and limits of cash credit and overdrafts increased from Rs.159.0 lakh to Rs.279.6 lakh between the two periods under reference.

6.

Turnover rates of metropolitan centres

The turnover rates for major metropolitan centres are presented in Table 5. The turnover rate of current deposits was highest in Mumbai (90.4) while it was the lowest in Chennai (47.1). The turnover rate of cash credit and overdraft accounts, were in the range of 14.4 to 15.5, except for Mumbai (8.3). The share of four major metropolitan centres viz., Mumbai, Calcutta, New Delhi and Chennai in current deposits has reduced from 45.3 per cent in 1995-96 to 36.6 per cent in 1997-98. The share of these metropolitan centres in cash credit and overdraft limits has also increased from 49.6 per cent to 52.1 per cent. The share of these four centres in respect of savings deposits was 19.8 per cent in current survey. Debits to current deposits and debits to cash credit and overdraft limits, are presented in Table 6. The shares of four major metropolitan centres in Mumbai, Calcutta, New Delhi and Chennai in respect of debits to Current deposits has decreased marginally from 47.5 per cent in 1995-96 to 45.2 per cent in 1997-98. The shares in debits to Cash Credit and Overdraft accounts decreased from 52.8 per cent in 1995-96 to 46.3 per cent in 1997-98.

TABLE 3 : AVERAGE AMOUNT PER OFFICE OF CURRENT AND SAVINGS DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFT LIMITS AND DEBITS OF THESE ACCOUNTS

(Rupees lakh)

CURRENT DEPOSIT A/Cs

SAVINGS DEPOSIT A/Cs

CASH CREDIT & OVERDRAFT A/Cs

POPULATION

GROUP

DEPOSITS

DEBITS

DEPOSITS

DEBITS

APPROVED LIMITS

DEBITS

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Rural

9.0

26.0

1,86.5

4,49.8

85.6

1,72.5

3,15.6

6,09.5

18.8

36.2

1,33.3

2,66.5

Semi-Urban

48.5

88.0

26,49.2

38,45.4

1,70.5

2,63.8

9,98.2

12,56.1

86.9

1,03.4

11,67.5

13,50.1

Urban

1,45.9

2,00.2

87,33.4

1,06,04.1

2,61.9

3,28.5

15,55.6

18,57.3

2,13.8

3,42.0

45,52.5

49,41.5

Metropolitan

4,61.1

5,41.0

289,23.1

3,50,43.8

4,82.4

6,27.1

31,34.4

48,23.5

10,12.6

14,52.6

185,62.1

1,72,21.8

ALL-INDIA

87.4

1,37.6

51,36.0

75,10.8

1,73.5

2,80.0

9,55.7

15,26.6

1,71.7

2,90.4

30,34.4

35,40.6

TABLE 4 : AVERAGE AMOUNT PER OFFICE OF CURRENT DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFT LIMITS AND DEBITS TO THEM - BANK GROUP-WISE

(Rupees Lakh)

Current

Cash Credit

Debits to

Debit to

Bank Group

Year

Deposits

and

Current

Cash Credit

Overdrafts

Deposits

and Overdrafts

1

2

3

4

5

6

State Bank of India

1995-96

1,45.6

3,69.1

1,28,74.1

57,47.1

and Associates

1997-98

2,06.1

4,27.1

1,32,80.6

50,84.8

Nationalised Banks

1995-96

98.3

1,59.0

45,87.5

30,61.0

1997-98

1,24.6

2,79.6

61,58.9

33,42.9

Regional Rural Banks

1995-96

3.5

1.8

44.1

7.2

1997-98

35.4

6.9

1,61.8

55.5

Other Indian Scheduled

1995-96

79.7

1,66.9

53,73.6

25,64.3

Commercial Banks

1997-98

1,22.9

2,73.8

77,06.0

39,25.0

Foreign Banks

1995-96

24,07.2

66,21.9

8,79,84.7

13,25,42.4

1997-98

34,78.9

84,08.0

22,69,92.0

10,85,85.6

All Scheduled

1995-96

87.4

171.7

51,36.0

30,34.4

Commercial Banks

1997-98

1,37.6

2,90.4

75,10.8

35,40.6

TABLE 5 : DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFTS AND TURNOVER RATES FOR MAJOR METROPOLITAN CENTRES, 1997-98

Metropolitan

Current

Savings

Approved

Turnover of

Centre

Deposits

Deposits

Limits

for Cash

Current

Savings

Cash

Current

All

(Rs. Crore)

(Rs. Crore)

Credit

Deposits

Deposits

Credit

Deposits,

Deposits

and

and

Cash credit

and

Overdrafts

Overdrafts

& Overdrafts

Limits

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1.

Calcutta

3,777

4,476

7,008

48.1

7.1

14.4

26.2

20.6

(5.0)

(2.9)

(4.4)

2.

Mumbai

11,400

12,040

53,142

90.4

7.0

8.3

22.8

20.3

(15.0)

(7.8)

(33.1)

3.

Chennai

4,584

3,574

9,985

47.1

23.9

15.4

25.4

25.1

(6.0)

(2.3)

(6.2)

4.

New Delhi

8,133

10,643

13,632

55.4

5.7

15.5

30.4

22.3

(10.7)

(6.9)

(8.5)

Total of 4 centres

25,188

22,576

54,073

61.6

6.4

18.8

32.4

26.7

1995-96

(45.3)

(20.5)

(49.6)

1997-98

27,893

30,733

83,767

67.4

8.5

10.8

24.9

21.4

(36.6)

(19.8)

(52.1)

Note :

Figures in brackets indicate percentages to All-India totals.

7.

State-wise analysis of current deposits, cash credit and overdraft limits

The State-wise break-up of current deposits and those of cash credit and overdraft limits together with debits to these accounts are presented in Statement II and the corresponding turnover rates are given in Table 7. For the current survey i.e. 1997-98, the turnover rate of current deposits was found to be the highest in Maharashtra (85.5), followed by Haryana (83.8), Madhya Pradesh (62.0), Gujarat (55.5), Delhi (55.4) and Rajasthan (50.7) . The turnover rates showed a mixed variation between the two study periods i.e. 1995-96 and 1997-98. The turnover rates of current deposits for the states of U.P. and Delhi have also increased from 43.5 to 50.6 and 46.2 to 55.4 and Maha-rashtra from 71.2 to 85.5 respectively. Apart from these states and excepting a few other states viz. Assam, Jammu & Kashmir and Punjab there was general reduction in the turnover rates of current deposits for all other states. For cash credit and overdraft limits, percentage increase was highest in Punjab (9.3 to 17.7) followed by Uttar Pradesh (11.9 to 19.9). The maximum decrease in percentage terms in turnover rate was observed in Maharashtra (22.1 to 8.8) followed by Kerala (20.7 to 10.5).

TABLE 6 : DEBITS TO CURRENT DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFTS FOR MAJOR METROPOLITAN CENTRES, 1997-98

(Rupees crore)

DEBITS

Metropolitan Centre

Current Deposits

Cash credit & overdrafts

1

2

3

1. Calcutta

1,81,787

1,01,162

(4.4)

(5.2)

2. Mumbai

10,30,448

4,39,605

(24.8)

(22.4)

3. Chennai

2,16,068

1,54,131

(5.2)

(7.9)

4. New Delhi

4,50,645

2,11,379

(10.8)

(10.8)

Total of 4 centres

(a) 1995-96

15,50,742

10,18,883

(47.5)

(52.8)

(b) 1997-98

18,78,949

9,06,276

(45.2)

(46.3)

Note:

Figures in brackets indicate percentages to All-India total.

State and population group-wise turnover rate for different types of accounts are presented in Table 8. It reveals that urban areas of Maharashtra had the highest turnover rate of current deposits at 99.5 whereas the turnover rate in rural areas of Madhya Pradesh (80.3) found to be highest. West Bengal (79.1) had the highest turnover rate of current deposits in semi-urban areas. In respect of cash credit and overdraft accounts, among various states the turnover rate was highest in Gujarat (29.6) for rural areas whereas for semi-urban areas it was highest in Rajasthan (27.5). Similarly this turnover rate for urban areas was highest in West Bengal (34.8).

Population group-wise highest turnover rate in savings deposit are found to be in the state of Andhra Pradesh for rural areas (7.4), Karnataka (9.1) for semi - urban areas Kerala (13.0) for urban areas and Tamilnadu (23.9) for metropolitan areas.

8.

Bank group-wise analysis of current deposits, cash credit and overdraft limits

Bank group-wise turnover rates for different population groups and deposit accounts are given in Table 9. The turnover rates of current deposits in the metropolitan areas was highest in case of other Scheduled Commercial Banks (81.2) whereas State Bank of India had highest turnover of current deposits in urban (70.7) and rural (42.7) areas .

TABLE 7 : STATE-WISE TURNOVER OF CURRENT DEPOSITS, SAVINGS DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFTS

TURNOVER OF

STATE /

Current

Cash Credit

Current Deposits,

Savings

All Deposits

UNION

Deposits

& Overdrafts

Cash Credit

Deposits

and Limits

TERRITORY

and Overdrafts

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1995-96

1997-98

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Andhra Pradesh

55.2

33.8

20.4

11.5

31.8

18.7

10.6

8.3

23.7

15.9

Assam

25.6

33.0

14.8

12.9

20.2

26.7

3.7

3.8

10.6

13.1

Bihar

29.2

29.9

23.1

14.2

26.7

23.5

3.8

3.0

11.7

8.9

Gujarat

68.4

55.5

18.3

23.6

38.3

37.3

5.3

5.3

25.0

25.2

Haryana

86.6

83.8

15.1

16.7

35.2

38.2

5.2

5.1

18.3

20.4

Jammu & Kashmir

20.0

20.7

8.5

9.7

13.6

14.3

3.1

3.3

8.4

8.7

Karnataka

61.8

48.8

15.1

16.4

26.1

26.8

6.9

7.3

19.0

20.1

Kerala

65.8

45.8

20.7

10.5

37.3

22.4

9.3

6.7

21.5

14.1

Madhya Pradesh

73.9

62.0

15.6

15.5

35.1

34.2

6.4

4.8

22.5

14.9

Maharashtra

71.2

85.5

22.1

8.8

29.5

24.4

6.0

5.9

29.5

20.4

Orissa

32.7

12.1

25.6

12.1

15.6

12.1

4.9

5.3

15.6

9.4

Punjab

40.5

47.4

9.3

17.7

8.0

31.4

3.8

4.5

8.0

18.0

Rajasthan

86.6

50.7

16.4

14.1

26.1

28.3

5.5

4.8

26.1

18.2

Tamil Nadu

58.0

48.1

14.1

11.8

20.8

22.1

7.6

12.7

20.8

19.3

Uttar Pradesh

43.5

50.6

11.9

19.9

12.7

36.7

3.7

3.2

12.7

12.8

West Bengal

58.6

45.2

15.4

15.6

21.1

27.7

5.1

5.0

21.1

18.2

Delhi

46.2

55.4

16.6

15.5

21.0

30.4

5.2

5.6

21.0

22.2

Others

44.4

33.0

22.8

5.3

32.7

11.2

5.3

5.7

19.4

9.7

All-India

58.8

54.6

17.7

12.2

31.5

25.8

5.5

5.5

21.1

17.8

The turnover rate of savings deposits in the metropolitan areas was highest in case of foreign banks (20.8). Other Scheduled Commercial Banks had the highest savings deposit turnover rates in all the other population groups.

The turnover rate in respect of cash credit and overdraft limits was found to be highest for Foreign Banks (20.8) in the Urban areas and for Other Scheduled Commercial Banks (14.9) in Metropolitan areas. Nationalised Banks had highest turnover in rural (9.8) and semi-urban areas (14.5).

The data on state and bank group-wise turnover rate are presented in Table 10. In all the major states, the turnover rate of current deposits was found to be higher for State Bank group, compared to those of Nationalised Banks, exception being the states of Punjab (51.1), Orissa (31.4) and Jammu and Kashmir (20.5). Amongst the states, the Regional Rural Banks of Punjab had the highest turnover rate (97.1) of current deposits.

TABLE 8 : STATE AND POPULATION GROUP-WISE TURNOVER OF DEPOSITS, CASH CREDIT AND OVERDRAFTS, 1997-98

RURAL

SEMI-URBAN

TURNOVER OF

Current

Current

STATE/ UNION

Deposits,

Cash

Deposits,

TERRITORY

Cash

Cash

All

Credit

Cash

All

Credit

Credit

Deposits

and

Credit

Deposits

Current

Savings

and Over-

and Over-

and

Current

Savings

Over-

and Over-

and

Deposits

Deposits

drafts

drafts

Limits

Deposits

Deposits

drafts

drafts

Limits

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

ANDHRA PRADESH

18.3

7.4

7.2

10.1

8.7

40.3

8.7

7.2

14.2

12.2

ASSAM

2.0

2.4

3.3

2.3

2.3

19.9

3.7

12.5

18.4

8.0

BIHAR

9.9

2.6

6.0

8.0

3.4

22.6

2.7

9.0

18.0

6.7

GUJARAT

17.3

3.3

29.6

24.7

13.5

54.3

4.2

18.9

39.0

18.6

HARYANA

51.6

6.4

8.1

21.9

11.1

59.9

4.6

18.9

30.5

17.1

JAMMU & KASHMIR

13.8

2.9

6.8

12.0

5.1

26.1

2.1

10.3

20.8

6.7

KARNATAKA

29.5

6.6

15.0

21.8

13.4

66.7

9.1

11.8

33.5

20.3

KERALA

22.4

6.7

5.2

7.8

7.1

38.5

5.8

9.2

18.2

10.7

MADHYA PRADESH

80.3

4.0

4.4

47.7

6.0

23.5

3.4

17.5

21.4

11.4

MAHARASHTRA

47.3

4.3

9.7

24.8

11.0

71.2

4.6

13.3

42.0

20.0

ORISSA

2.1

4.3

11.3

3.4

3.7

24.9

5.1

11.8

19.1

10.7

PUNJAB

12.9

3.7

8.3

10.5

5.3

44.2

5.1

17.4

28.7

16.5

RAJASTHAN

30.9

5.0

14.0

20.9

8.6

74.5

5.0

27.5

50.9

21.9

TAMIL NADU

39.4

4.6

2.7

4.8

4.8

37.4

6.4

12.1

25.6

12.9

UTTAR PRADESH

6.3

2.7

5.9

6.2

3.1

58.6

3.2

16.9

37.7

18.1

WEST BENGAL

19.8

3.2

17.4

19.0

7.6

79.1

2.9

12.3

52.8

16.2

DELHI

43.5

3.4

9.5

24.1

6.3

9.3

1.8

3.0

9.1

2.4

OTHERS

26.7

3.7

7.9

12.9

7.9

24.0

4.0

11.9

19.4

12.4

ALL-INDIA

17.3

3.5

7.4

11.5

5.6

43.7