Invisibles in India's Balance of Payments : 1989-90 to 1996-97 (Part 2 of 5) - ஆர்பிஐ - Reserve Bank of India
Invisibles in India's Balance of Payments : 1989-90 to 1996-97 (Part 2 of 5)
Statement I : Travel Account
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rs. crore |
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Tourist Expenses in India |
2386.2 |
2612.5 |
4891.9 |
6060.3 |
6970.3 |
7423.8 |
9150.3 |
10231.8 |
|
|
Others |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
|
Total-A |
2386.2 |
2612.5 |
4891.9 |
6060.3 |
6970.3 |
7423.8 |
9150.3 |
10231.8 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Tourists & Business Travel |
449.6 |
443.8 |
679.2 |
832.0 |
1189.4 |
1815.3 |
2347.8 |
1136.3 |
|
Students |
59.4 |
77.6 |
135.9 |
112.9 |
106.0 |
149.3 |
218.1 |
86.7 |
|
Official business |
61.2 |
53.6 |
53.8 |
59.3 |
83.7 |
90.3 |
238.9 |
65.3 |
|
Haj Pilgrims |
13.1 |
19.9 |
49.8 |
53.6 |
69.8 |
100.2 |
172.1 |
226.7 |
|
Health Reasons |
11.1 |
9.5 |
53.1 |
12.8 |
16.2 |
16.7 |
17.6 |
13.8 |
|
Home Leave Salary |
0.5 |
0.4 |
1.0 |
2.1 |
0.0 |
0.6 |
6.1 |
7.5 |
|
Others |
75.2 |
97.5 |
138.4 |
98.5 |
92.8 |
396.7 |
907.8 |
1503.2 |
|
Indians Proceeding |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
5.7 |
0.6 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
9.8 |
|
|
Abroad on Scholarships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL-B |
670.4 |
702.5 |
1111.5 |
1176.9 |
1558.5 |
2569.5 |
3908.8 |
3049.3 |
|
Travel (net) (A-B) |
1715.8 |
1910.0 |
3780.4 |
4883.4 |
5411.8 |
4854.3 |
5241.5 |
7182.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(U.S.$ Mn.) |
|
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Tourist Expenses in India |
1433 |
1456 |
1977 |
2098 |
2222 |
2365 |
2713 |
2878 |
|
|
Others |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Total-A |
1433 |
1456 |
1977 |
2098 |
2222 |
2365 |
2713 |
2878 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Tourists & Business Travel |
270 |
247 |
284 |
271 |
379 |
578 |
702 |
320 |
|
Students |
36 |
43 |
58 |
37 |
34 |
48 |
65 |
24 |
|
Official business |
37 |
30 |
23 |
19 |
27 |
29 |
71 |
18 |
|
Haj Pilgrims |
8 |
11 |
21 |
17 |
22 |
32 |
51 |
64 |
|
Health Reasons |
7 |
5 |
23 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
|
Home Leave Salary |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
|
Others |
45 |
54 |
57 |
33 |
30 |
126 |
269 |
422 |
|
Indians Proceeding |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
|
Abroad on Scholarships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL-B |
403 |
392 |
465 |
385 |
497 |
818 |
1167 |
858 |
|
Travel (net) (A-B) |
1030 |
1064 |
1512 |
1713 |
1725 |
1547 |
1546 |
2020 |
Statement II : Transportation Account |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rs. crore |
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and freight collection by |
|||||||||
Indian steamship-owners or |
|||||||||
operators abroad |
5.3 |
11.8 |
25.8 |
3.0 |
682.6 |
710.5 |
303.9 |
194.2 |
|
Operating expensess of foreign |
|||||||||
steamship companies in India |
173.9 |
194.5 |
199.3 |
135.2 |
369.9 |
503.1 |
730.4 |
670.8 |
|
Remittanceof surplus passage fare |
|||||||||
and freight collectionby Indian |
|||||||||
airline owners or operators abroad |
208.6 |
267.7 |
316.7 |
618.3 |
724.0 |
726.6 |
713.8 |
940.8 |
|
Operating expensesof foreign |
|||||||||
airlines companies in India |
6.0 |
12.7 |
12.9 |
4.9 |
15.1 |
19.7 |
657.1 |
287.9 |
|
Estimated freight on exports |
1098.6 |
1272.2 |
1715.3 |
2088.1 |
2690.2 |
3262.0 |
4136.7 |
4626.3 |
|
|
Others |
18.1 |
5.7 |
38.2 |
0.9 |
13.1 |
106.2 |
222.6 |
222.4 |
|
TOTAL-A |
1510.5 |
1764.6 |
2308.2 |
2850.4 |
4494.9 |
5328.1 |
6764.5 |
6942.4 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and Freight collection to |
|||||||||
foreign steamship-owners or |
|||||||||
operators abroad |
255.9 |
371.4 |
767.6 |
1129.9 |
1441.3 |
1714.1 |
2332.1 |
2800.5 |
|
Operating expenses of Indian |
|||||||||
steamship companies |
562.0 |
596.5 |
752.3 |
1115.7 |
849.3 |
962.4 |
925.9 |
1281.1 |
|
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and Freight collection to |
|||||||||
foreign airline owners or operators abroad |
518.5 |
490.6 |
1073.2 |
1256.6 |
1657.0 |
1346.0 |
1668.7 |
1937.7 |
|
Operating expenses of Indian |
|||||||||
airline companies |
24.5 |
121.5 |
24.2 |
195.1 |
270.5 |
333.8 |
503.2 |
638.8 |
|
Operating expenses of foreign |
|||||||||
steamship and airline companies |
10.2 |
6.8 |
2.4 |
8.7 |
44.3 |
42.4 |
54.8 |
24.1 |
|
Charter hire payment |
119.8 |
84.9 |
61.6 |
137.9 |
348.1 |
522.8 |
586.1 |
681.6 |
|
Remittances of passage expenses |
0.6 |
1.0 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
3.4 |
1.2 |
14.0 |
|
Freight payment on exports |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
593.1 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
|
Freight payment on imports |
353.4 |
262.8 |
445.7 |
109.7 |
790.4 |
634.6 |
819.4 |
600.8 |
|
|
Others |
11.8 |
25.5 |
62.6 |
0.0 |
135.4 |
292.3 |
388.1 |
518.5 |
|
TOTAL-B |
1856.7 |
1961.0 |
3189.8 |
4547.0 |
5536.5 |
5851.8 |
7279.5 |
8497.1 |
TRANSPORTATION |
|||||||||
|
ACCOUNT (NET) (A-B) |
- 346.2 |
- 196.4 |
- 881.6 |
- 1696.6 |
- 1041.6 |
- 523.7 |
- 515.0 |
- 1554.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(U.S. $ Mn.) |
|
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and freight collection by |
|||||||||
Indian steamshipowners or |
|||||||||
operators abroad |
3 |
7 |
11 |
1 |
218 |
226 |
91 |
55 |
|
Operating expensess of foreign |
|||||||||
steamship companies in India |
104 |
108 |
81 |
46 |
118 |
160 |
216 |
189 |
|
Remittanceof surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and freight collectionby |
|||||||||
Indian airline owners or operators abroad |
125 |
149 |
129 |
212 |
231 |
231 |
211 |
265 |
|
Operating expensesof foreign |
|||||||||
airlines companies in India |
4 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
5 |
6 |
196 |
81 |
|
Estimated freight on exports |
660 |
709 |
697 |
721 |
858 |
1039 |
1230 |
1303 |
|
|
Others |
11 |
3 |
16 |
0 |
4 |
33 |
67 |
60 |
|
TOTAL-A |
907 |
983 |
939 |
982 |
1433 |
1696 |
2011 |
1953 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and Freight collection to |
|||||||||
foreign steamshipowners or |
|||||||||
operators abroad |
154 |
207 |
311 |
369 |
460 |
546 |
695 |
789 |
|
Operating expenses of Indian |
|||||||||
steam-ship companies |
338 |
332 |
304 |
364 |
271 |
307 |
276 |
361 |
|
Remittance of surplus passage |
|||||||||
fare and Freight collection to |
|||||||||
foreign airline owners or operators abroad |
311 |
273 |
434 |
410 |
528 |
429 |
497 |
546 |
|
Operating expenses of Indian |
|||||||||
airline companies |
15 |
68 |
10 |
64 |
86 |
106 |
150 |
180 |
|
Operating expenses of foreign |
|||||||||
steam-ship and airline companies |
6 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
14 |
14 |
16 |
7 |
|
Charter hire payment |
72 |
47 |
24 |
45 |
111 |
167 |
174 |
192 |
|
Remittances of passage expenses |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
|
Freight payment on exports |
0 |
0 |
0 |
194 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Freight payment on imports |
212 |
146 |
180 |
36 |
252 |
202 |
244 |
169 |
|
|
Others |
7 |
14 |
26 |
1 |
43 |
92 |
116 |
146 |
|
TOTAL-B |
1115 |
1093 |
1289 |
1485 |
1765 |
1863 |
2169 |
2394 |
TRANSPORTATION |
|||||||||
|
ACCOUNT (NET) (A-B) |
- 208 |
- 110 |
- 350 |
- 503 |
- 332 |
- 167 |
- 158 |
- 441 |
Statement III : Insurance Account |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rs. crore |
|
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Life |
10.2 |
5.6 |
10 |
7.8 |
3.9 |
3.5 |
4.1 |
6.0 |
|
Marine |
1.1 |
1.4 |
2.9 |
1.0 |
0.8 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
12.9 |
|
|
Others |
186.6 |
191.4 |
251.8 |
450.6 |
383.4 |
469.4 |
592.6 |
752.2 |
|
Total-A |
197.9 |
198.4 |
264.7 |
459.4 |
388.1 |
475.7 |
599.6 |
771.1 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Life |
4.4 |
12.4 |
8.5 |
19.5 |
8.7 |
9.4 |
22.0 |
46.3 |
|
Marine |
24.5 |
47.9 |
67.9 |
122.2 |
121.3 |
78.8 |
67.4 |
112.4 |
|
|
Others |
110.8 |
98.1 |
230.4 |
307.2 |
481.8 |
478.4 |
389.5 |
383.9 |
|
Total - B |
139.7 |
158.4 |
306.8 |
448.9 |
611.8 |
566.6 |
478.9 |
542.6 |
|
Insurance Account (net) (A-B) |
58.2 |
40.0 |
- 42.1 |
10.5 |
- 223.7 |
- 90.9 |
120.7 |
228.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(U.S.$ Mn.) |
|
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Life |
6 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
|
Marine |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
|
|
Others |
112 |
107 |
103 |
154 |
122 |
149 |
177 |
212 |
|
Total-A |
119 |
111 |
108 |
158 |
124 |
152 |
179 |
217 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Life |
3 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
7 |
13 |
|
Marine |
15 |
27 |
28 |
40 |
39 |
25 |
20 |
32 |
|
|
Others |
67 |
55 |
95 |
100 |
154 |
153 |
116 |
108 |
|
Total - B |
84 |
88 |
126 |
146 |
195 |
181 |
143 |
153 |
|
Insurance Account (net) (A-B) |
35 |
23 |
- 18 |
12 |
- 71 |
- 29 |
36 |
64 |
Statement IV : Investment Income Account |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rs. crore |
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Current Profits |
9.0 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
0.2 |
1.3 |
61.0 |
82.1 |
107.6 |
|
Dividend on foreign shares held by residents |
2.8 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
11.2 |
4.4 |
6.4 |
16.0 |
19.6 |
|
Interest on foreign Government Securities held by residents |
516.0 |
476.8 |
390.3 |
842.8 |
1069.7 |
2604.0 |
4518.3 |
3329.8 |
|
Interest on private (non-banking) claim on non-residents |
3.9 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
22.7 |
5.9 |
6.1 |
20.0 |
95.0 |
|
Interest on loans extended to non-residents by official and official institutions |
16.1 |
64.6 |
69.6 |
51.9 |
44.4 |
0.2 |
0.9 |
5.6 |
|
Interest on overdrafts, loans, extended to non-residents banks and on balances held abroad by banks in India |
7.2 |
4.7 |
5.5 |
4.0 |
7.7 |
0.4 |
5.0 |
31.0 |
|
Interest on holding of SDRs. |
58.3 |
67.9 |
50.8 |
45.5 |
82.6 |
7.9 |
13.7 |
7.1 |
|
Taxes and refunds on profit, dividends and interest |
3.7 |
2.1 |
6.5 |
2.4 |
6.5 |
38.4 |
22.3 |
121.9 |
|
Income on real estate |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
2.0 |
|
|
Others |
70.8 |
35.0 |
9.9 |
23.2 |
15.1 |
58.1 |
53.7 |
91.4 |
|
TOTAL - A |
687.8 |
660.5 |
541.8 |
1003.9 |
1237.6 |
2782.5 |
4732.0 |
3811.0 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Current Profits |
39.1 |
34.8 |
51.1 |
40.0 |
18.9 |
3.4 |
25.4 |
16.0 |
|
Dividends of foreign controlled companies |
32.0 |
70.6 |
103.4 |
78.6 |
149.8 |
267.7 |
504.7 |
102.1 |
|
Dividends of non-controlled companies |
109.5 |
146.5 |
166.2 |
266.7 |
129.2 |
304.5 |
377.2 |
834.8 |
|
Interest on Government securities and obligations held by non-residents |
2.6 |
4.0 |
6.6 |
5.8 |
12.4 |
5.1 |
20.2 |
33.4 |
|
Interest on obligation of private individuals and institutions other than banking institutions |
160.6 |
212.7 |
542.7 |
218.2 |
227.9 |
465.2 |
1126.9 |
708.0 |
|
Interest on long-term loan received from non-residents including international institutions by official and private sectors |
3102.8 |
4555.4 |
5562.3 |
6994.2 |
7113.3 |
7711.2 |
7376.1 |
6927.2 |
|
Interest on loans and overdrafts obtained by banking institutions |
76.1 |
74.3 |
163.6 |
175.5 |
32.6 |
343.9 |
187.8 |
78.9 |
|
Interest on balances held in India by non-resident banks and official Institutions |
3.4 |
10.1 |
0.6 |
1.4 |
1.8 |
53.2 |
111.5 |
156.4 |
|
Charges on utilisations of SDRs. |
433.2 |
402.1 |
783.5 |
885.5 |
919.5 |
834.8 |
634.4 |
472.2 |
|
Taxes and tax refunds on profits, dividends and interest |
7.6 |
21.1 |
14.8 |
17.2 |
14.8 |
7.5 |
35.5 |
38.8 |
|
Income on real estates owned by foreigners |
1.5 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.4 |
1.5 |
3.2 |
0.4 |
|
Others |
35.6 |
13.1 |
22.6 |
21.3 |
55.8 |
314.5 |
1372.7 |
318.5 |
|
Interest on FCNR (A) |
1558.4 |
1848.2 |
1786.9 |
2002.7 |
966.2 |
1484.7 |
926.0 |
597.9 |
|
FCNR (B) |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
191.3 |
378.2 |
794.9 |
1308.7 |
|
FCBOD |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
80.0 |
92.0 |
0.0 |
|
NR(E)RA |
0.0 |
0.0 |
734.2 |
799.6 |
1662.5 |
1170.8 |
1221.0 |
1867.6 |
|
NR(NR)D |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
128.3 |
639.0 |
1137.1 |
|
I. D. Bonds |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
213.0 |
|
|
Interest paid locally on NRER |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
768.5 |
|
TOTAL - B |
5562.4 |
7392.9 |
9938.5 |
11506.7 |
11496.4 |
13554.5 |
15448.5 |
15579.5 |
|
INVESTMENT INCOME (NET) (A-B) |
- 4874.6 |
- 6732.4 |
- 9396.7 |
- 10502.8 |
- 10258.8 |
- 10772.0 |
- 10716.5 |
- 11768.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(U.S.$ Mn.) |
|
|
|
1989-90 |
1990-91 |
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
1996-97 |
A |
RECEIPTS |
||||||||
Current Profits |
5 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
19 |
25 |
30 |
|
Dividend on foreign shares held by residents |
2 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
6 |
|
Interest on foreign Government Securities held by residents |
310 |
266 |
159 |
315 |
341 |
829 |
1364 |
938 |
|
Interest on private (non-banking) claim on non-residents |
2 |
3 |
2 |
8 |
2 |
2 |
6 |
27 |
|
Interest on loans extended to non-residents by official and official institutions |
10 |
36 |
28 |
20 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
Interest on overdrafts, loans, extended to non-residents banks and on balances held abroad by banks in India |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
9 |
|
Interest on holding of SDRs. |
35 |
38 |
21 |
17 |
26 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
|
Taxes and refunds on profit, dividends and interest |
2 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
12 |
7 |
34 |
|
Income on real estate |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
Others |
43 |
20 |
4 |
9 |
5 |
19 |
17 |
25 |
|
TOTAL - A |
413 |
368 |
221 |
376 |
395 |
886 |
1429 |
1073 |
B |
PAYMENTS |
||||||||
Current Profits |
23 |
19 |
21 |
13 |
6 |
1 |
8 |
5 |
|
Dividends of foreign controlled companies |
19 |
39 |
42 |
26 |
48 |
85 |
151 |
29 |
|
Dividends of non-controlled companies |
66 |
82 |
68 |
87 |
41 |
97 |
113 |
234 |
|
Interest on Government securities and obligations held by non-residents |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
6 |
9 |
|
Interest on obligation of private individuals and institutions other than banking institutions |
96 |
119 |
222 |
71 |
73 |
148 |
339 |
199 |
|
Interest on long-term loan received from non-residents including international institutions by official and private sectors |
1864 |
2539 |
2267 |
2313 |
2268 |
2456 |
2213 |
1947 |
|
Interest on loans and overdrafts obtained by banking institutions |
46 |
41 |
67 |
57 |
10 |
110 |
56 |
22 |
|
Interest on balances held in India by non-resident banks and official Institutions |
2 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
17 |
33 |
44 |
|
Charges on utilisations of SDRs. |
260 |
224 |
319 |
293 |
293 |
266 |
190 |
133 |
|
Taxes and tax refunds on profits, dividends and interest |
5 |
12 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
2 |
11 |
11 |
|
Income on real estates owned by foreigners |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
Others |
21 |
7 |
9 |
7 |
18 |
100 |
412 |
90 |
|
Interest on FCNR(A) |
936 |
1030 |
728 |
661 |
308 |
473 |
278 |
168 |
|
FCNR(B) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
61 |
120 |
239 |
368 |
|
FCBOD |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
25 |
28 |
0 |
|
NR(E)RA |
0 |
0 |
299 |
263 |
530 |
373 |
367 |
524 |
|
NR(NR)D |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
41 |
191 |
319 |
|
I. D. Bonds |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
60 |
|
|
Interest paid locally on NRER |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
216 |
|
TOTAL - B |
3341 |
4120 |
4051 |
3799 |
3665 |
4317 |
4634 |
4380 |
|
INVESTMENT INCOME (NET) (A-B) |
- 2928 |
- 3752 |
- 3830 |
- 3423 |
- 3270 |
- 3431 |
- 3205 |
- 3307 |