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Government Securities Market in India – A Primer

16. How do the G-Sec transactions settle? +

Primary Market

16.1 Once the allotment process in the primary auction is finalized, the successful participants are advised of the consideration amounts that they need to pay to the Government on settlement day. The settlement cycle for auctions of all kind of G-Secs i.e. dated securities, T-Bills, CMBs or SDLs, is T+1, i.e. funds and securities are settled on next working day from the conclusion of the trade. On the settlement date, the fund accounts of the participants are debited by their respective consideration amounts and their securities accounts (SGL accounts) are credited with the amount of securities allotted to them.

Secondary Market

16.2 The transactions relating to G-Secs are settled through the member’s securities / current accounts maintained with the RBI. The securities and funds are settled on a net basis i.e. Delivery versus Payment System-III (DvP-III). CCIL guarantees settlement of trades on the settlement date by becoming a central counter-party (CCP) to every trade through the process of novation, i.e., it becomes seller to the buyer and buyer to the seller. 16.3 All outright secondary market transactions in G-Secs are settled on a T+1 basis. However, in case of repo transactions in G-Secs, the market participants have the choice of settling the first leg on either T+0 basis or T+1 basis as per their requirement. RBI vide FMRD.DIRD.05/14.03.007/2017-18 dated November 16, 2017 had permitted FPIs to settle OTC secondary market transactions in Government Securities either on T+1 or on T+2 basis and in such cases, It may be ensured that all trades are reported on the trade date itself.

External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) and Trade Credits

F. LEVERAGE CRITERIA AND BORROWING LIMIT

16. Does the equity in “ECB liability to Equity ratio” include non-convertible preference capital? +

No.

All you wanted to know about NBFCs

B. Entities Regulated by RBI and applicable regulations

16. What does the term public funds include? Is it the same as public deposits? +

Public funds are not the same as public deposits. Public funds include public deposits, inter-corporate deposits, bank finance and all funds received whether directly or indirectly from outside sources such as funds raised by issue of Commercial Papers, debentures etc. Even though public funds include public deposits in the general course, it may be noted that CICs as also non-deposit taking NBFCs are not allowed to accept public deposits.
Further, indirect receipt of public funds means funds received not directly but through associates and group entities which have access to public funds.

Foreign Investment in India

Q.16: Are the investments and profits earned in India repatriable ? +

Answer: All foreign investments are repatriable (net of applicable taxes) except in cases where the investment is made or held on non-repatriation basis.

Core Investment Companies

B. Registration and related matters:

16. Whether a Holding Company which is not able to comply with the CIC criteria (all four conditions), would still need to comply with NBFC requirements and prudential norms even in the event that it is not satisfying the asset-income criteria. (For example: the holding company owns 60 per cent equity in another group company and is not meeting other three conditions. Therefore, it does not qualify as a CIC. Further, the income from financial assets is also less than 50 per cent of total income. Whether such a company would require compliance with NBFC norms).

Ans: No, since the Company is not fulfilling the Principal Business Criteria (asset-income pattern) of an NBFC i.e. more than 50 % of its total assets should be financial assets and the income derived from these assets should be more than 50% of the gross income, it is not required to register as an NBFC under Section 45 IA of the RBI Act, 1934. However, it should register itself as an NBFC as soon as it fulfils the criteria of an NBFC and comply with the NBFC norms.

Biennial survey on Foreign Collaboration in Indian Industry (FCS)

Some other important points to be noted

Q16. How to identify the reporting company?

Ans.: Please read the definitions of foreign subsidiary, foreign associate, Pure Technical Collaboration and accordingly select the type of reporting company. Further, if you have chosen “Others” in identification of reporting company, please specify.

Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey – India

Some important definitions and concepts

Q16. What to report in equity securities?

Ans: Equity consists of all instruments and records that acknowledge claims on the residual value of a corporation or quasi-corporation, after the claims of all creditors have been met. Equity may be split into listed shares, unlisted shares, and other equity. Both listed and unlisted shares are equity securities. Equity securities are commonly called shares or stocks. Other equity is equity that is not in the form of securities.

FAQs on Non-Banking Financial Companies

Inter-corporate deposits (ICDs)

17. If a company being a shareholder of a public limited NBFC gives deposit or loan to the latter one, whether such a loan is to be treated as public deposit or ICD ? +

The objective of exempting the intercorporate deposits from the purview of Non-Banking Financial Companies Acceptance of Public Deposits (Reserve Bank) Directions, 1998 is that the corporate bodies whether a shareholder or a non-shareholder should be able to appraise the loan proposals and ensure the safety of the funds lent. Hence, such loans will be treated as ICDs.

Domestic Deposits

II. Deposits of Non-Residents Indians (NRIs)

17. Whether banks can accept recurring deposits under FCNR(B) Scheme? +

No. Banks cannot accept recurring deposits under FCNR(B) Scheme.

Annual Return on Foreign Liabilities and Assets (FLA) under FEMA 1999

Procedure for submission of the FLA return

Q17. How should entities report FLA return to RBI? +

Ans: Entities can submit the FLA return through the online web-based portal Foreign Liabilities and Assets Information Reporting (FLAIR) system, having address https://flair.rbi.org.in/fla/faces/pages/login.xhtml.

To access the URL https://flair.rbi.org.in/fla/faces/pages/login.xhtml, any of the browsers viz, Internet Explorer, Google chrome, Firefox etc. can be used, as all of these would support this application.
The entity has to register on the portal by clicking Registration for New Entity Users.
The entity has to fill the details in the FLA user registration form, upload the documents mentioned (Verification Letter and Authority Letter) and click submit to complete the registration.
After successful registration, user id and default password will be sent to the authorized person’s mail id. Using this user id and password, entities can login to the FLAIR portal and file the FLA Return.

Please note: The excel-based format and email-based reporting system has been replaced by the web-based format for submission of annual FLA return from June 2019.

Retail Direct Scheme

Know Your Customer (KYC) related queries

17. Do I need to upload my address proof? +

Only if your address has changed from the one mentioned in CKYC. In that case, you may update your new address and upload a proof for the same.

Business restrictions imposed on Paytm Payments Bank Limited vide Press Releases dated January 31 and February 16, 2024

FASTag issued by Paytm Payments Bank

17. Can I transfer the balance from my old FASTag issued by Paytm Payments Bank to a new FASTag obtained from another Bank? +

Credit balance transfer feature is not available in the FASTag product. Therefore, you will have to close your old FASTag issued by Paytm Payments Bank and request the bank for a refund

Government Securities Market in India – A Primer

17. What is shut period? +

‘Shut period’ means the period for which the securities cannot be traded. During the period under shut, no trading of the security which is under shut is allowed. The main purpose of having a shut period is to facilitate finalizing of the payment of maturity redemption proceeds and to avoid any change in ownership of securities during this process. Currently, the shut period for the securities held in SGL accounts is one day.

External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) and Trade Credits

F. LEVERAGE CRITERIA AND BORROWING LIMIT

17. Should the proposed ECB be added to all outstanding ECBs for arriving at the individual limit for raising of ECBs? +

The individual limit for raising ECB under the automatic route will take into account all ECBs raised in the financial year including the proposed one. However, refinancing of ECB amount will not be considered for arriving at individual limit per financial year. Also, the limit will be restored at the beginning of new financial year.

Targeted Long Term Repo Operations (TLTROs)

FAQs pertaining to On Tap TLTRO/ reversal of TLTRO/ TLTRO 2.0 transactions

Q17: Whether there is any restriction, with respect to Primary/Secondary market investments for funds availed under on Tap TLTRO scheme, should a bank desire to opt for acquiring specified securities issued by entities in specified sectors? +

Ans: There is no restriction with respect to primary/ secondary market investments in specified securities under the on Tap TLTRO scheme.

All you wanted to know about NBFCs

B. Entities Regulated by RBI and applicable regulations

17. What are the various prudential regulations applicable to NBFCs? +

The Reserve Bank has issued detailed directions on prudential norms, vide Master Direction – Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Company – Scale Based Regulation) 2023 (as amended from time to time). Applicable regulations vary based on the layer of the NBFC under Scale Based Regulatory Framework for NBFCs. Further, specialised categories of NBFCs viz., NBFC-P2P, NBFC-AA, CICs, SPDs, MGCs and HFCs shall be subject to respective master directions governing them.

The directions, inter alia, prescribe guidelines on income recognition, asset classification and provisioning requirements applicable to NBFCs, exposure norms, disclosures in the balance sheet, requirement of capital adequacy, loan to value (LTV) ratio for NBFCs predominantly engaged in business of lending against gold jewellery, besides others.

Foreign Investment in India

Q.17: What is meant by investment on repatriation basis and investment on non-repatriation basis ? +

Answer: Investment on repatriation basis means an investment, the sale/ maturity proceeds of which are, net of taxes, eligible to be repatriated out of India. The expression investment on non-repatriation basis may be construed accordingly.

Indian Currency

B) Banknotes

9. What is a "star series" banknote? +

Fresh banknotes issued by Reserve Bank of India till August 2006 were serially numbered. Each of these banknote bears a distinctive serial number along with a prefix consisting of numerals and letter/s. The banknotes are issued in packets containing 100 pieces.

The Bank adopted the "STAR series" numbering system for replacement of defectively printed banknote in a packet of 100 pieces of serially numbered banknotes. The Star series banknotes are exactly similar to the other banknotes, but have an additional character viz., a *(star) in the number panel in the space between the prefixes.

Core Investment Companies

B. Registration and related matters:

17. A group would like to set up a CIC in the group to rationalize the set up. However, no company can commence the business of NBFI without COR from RBI. Therefore, the proposed company would have to apply for COR before transferring shares from different companies to the CIC. But at that time the company would not be eligible in terms of the requirements, as it would not have 90% of net assets as investment in group companies. What should the company do?

Ans: The company would have to apply for COR to RBI, giving a satisfactory time-bound business plan within which, it would achieve CIC status.

Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey – India

Some important definitions and concepts

Q17. What should be considered under equity securities? +

Ans: The following are included under equity securities:

Ordinary shares.
Stocks.
Participating preference shares.
Shares/units in mutual funds and investment trusts
Depository receipts (e.g., American Depository Receipts) denoting ownership of equity securities issued by non-residents.
Securities sold under repos or “lent” under securities lending arrangements.
Securities acquired under reverse repos or securities borrowing arrangements and subsequently sold to a third party should be reported as a negative holding.

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