Speeches - Regulating Commercial Banking - RBI - Reserve Bank of India
Speeches
Jun 16, 2014
Indian Banking Sector: Role in Triggering Future Growth
Good evening, Ladies and Gentlemen! 2. It is both an honour and a privilege to attend this important Conference at the Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in Kolkata. From humble beginnings in the early 1920s, the ICC has come a long way and has presently evolved into a leading national chamber operating from Kolkata. With banks being the mainstay of the financial system, I am sure that the deliberations in the Conference would have provided important insights to all att
Shri R. Gandhi, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Good evening, Ladies and Gentlemen! 2. It is both an honour and a privilege to attend this important Conference at the Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in Kolkata. From humble beginnings in the early 1920s, the ICC has come a long way and has presently evolved into a leading national chamber operating from Kolkata. With banks being the mainstay of the financial system, I am sure that the deliberations in the Conference would have provided important insights to all att
PDF (
Jun 02, 2014
Growing NPAs in Banks: Efficacy of Ratings Accountability & Transparency of Credit Rating Agencies
Shri Jajodia, Shri Narang, Shri Dubey, Shri Kulkarni, Shri Dogra, Shri Khanna, Shri Pathak, other distinguished speakers, Ladies and Gentlemen, a very good morning to everyone! To start with I would like to commend ASSOCHAM for this seminar, for bringing together experts from banking and rating industry, to discuss and debate upon this very pertinent and challenging subject of NPAs and credit rating. A subject like this needs a lot of discussion and thinking, because
Shri R. Gandhi, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri Jajodia, Shri Narang, Shri Dubey, Shri Kulkarni, Shri Dogra, Shri Khanna, Shri Pathak, other distinguished speakers, Ladies and Gentlemen, a very good morning to everyone! To start with I would like to commend ASSOCHAM for this seminar, for bringing together experts from banking and rating industry, to discuss and debate upon this very pertinent and challenging subject of NPAs and credit rating. A subject like this needs a lot of discussion and thinking, because
May 26, 2014
KYC : Compliance vs Convenience
Is KYC a recent phenomenon? KYC was always there in banking! The focus, earlier, was more on the asset side and not on the liability side as no banker could risk parting with his funds to an unknown person. The thorough appraisal process to screen the potential borrowers is a good example of KYC process. Then, issues such as illegal/black money and more recently, terrorism financing became matters of serious concern and then KYC on payments and remittances, and conseq
Shri R. Gandhi, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Is KYC a recent phenomenon? KYC was always there in banking! The focus, earlier, was more on the asset side and not on the liability side as no banker could risk parting with his funds to an unknown person. The thorough appraisal process to screen the potential borrowers is a good example of KYC process. Then, issues such as illegal/black money and more recently, terrorism financing became matters of serious concern and then KYC on payments and remittances, and conseq
May 20, 2014
Banks Must build a Structure to provide Superior and Efficient Customer Service
Respected Shri Mahajan, Smt Rama Bijapurkar, member, Governing Council, Banking Standards Codes and Standards Board of India (BCSBI), Shri N Raja, CEO, BCSBI and banker colleagues. At the very outset, I thank Shri Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI for the kind invitation to address Principal Code Compliance Officers of the BCSBI, this afternoon. I attach a great deal of value to this interaction. The day long deliberations will provide you the opportunity to Brainstorm with PC
Dr. (Smt.) Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Respected Shri Mahajan, Smt Rama Bijapurkar, member, Governing Council, Banking Standards Codes and Standards Board of India (BCSBI), Shri N Raja, CEO, BCSBI and banker colleagues. At the very outset, I thank Shri Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI for the kind invitation to address Principal Code Compliance Officers of the BCSBI, this afternoon. I attach a great deal of value to this interaction. The day long deliberations will provide you the opportunity to Brainstorm with PC
May 20, 2014
Competition in the Banking Sector: Opportunities and Challenges
Good evening. Shri Ashok Chawla, distinguished invitees, our friends from the press, and ladies and gentlemen: It is a great honour to be invited to deliver the Annual Day lecture at the Competition Commission of India. Competition is the life force of a modern economy – it replaces dated and inefficient methods while preserving valuable traditions; it rewards the innovative and energetic and punishes the merely connected; it destroys the stability of the status quo w
Dr. Raghuram G. Rajan, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Good evening. Shri Ashok Chawla, distinguished invitees, our friends from the press, and ladies and gentlemen: It is a great honour to be invited to deliver the Annual Day lecture at the Competition Commission of India. Competition is the life force of a modern economy – it replaces dated and inefficient methods while preserving valuable traditions; it rewards the innovative and energetic and punishes the merely connected; it destroys the stability of the status quo w
May 13, 2014
Credit Scoring
Shri R.K. Dubey, Chairman and Managing Director, Canara Bank of India, other distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. I am happy to be here for the launch of Canara Bank’s credit scoring model for MSMEs. We had recently on November 29, 2013 held a workshop on credit scoring models with experts from IFC, which was fundamentally aimed at capacity building in the banking sector by imparting practical knowhow to Bankers who are expected to use it in their day-to-day op
Dr. (Smt.) Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Shri R.K. Dubey, Chairman and Managing Director, Canara Bank of India, other distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. I am happy to be here for the launch of Canara Bank’s credit scoring model for MSMEs. We had recently on November 29, 2013 held a workshop on credit scoring models with experts from IFC, which was fundamentally aimed at capacity building in the banking sector by imparting practical knowhow to Bankers who are expected to use it in their day-to-day op
May 09, 2014
Indian Banking at Crossroads – Challenge of Risk Management from Globalisation to Financial Inclusion
Shri Shailesh Vaidya, Chairman, Indian Merchants’ Chamber (IMC), Shri Chandan Bhattacharya, Chairman, Finance and Banking Committee, IMC and delegates to this IMC National Seminar, a very warm good evening! It is an honour for me to be here today to deliver the valedictory address of this National Seminar organised by IMC. The Seminar provides an opportunity to consider the developments in the banking risk management, assess the recent experience in this space and wor
Shri R. Gandhi, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri Shailesh Vaidya, Chairman, Indian Merchants’ Chamber (IMC), Shri Chandan Bhattacharya, Chairman, Finance and Banking Committee, IMC and delegates to this IMC National Seminar, a very warm good evening! It is an honour for me to be here today to deliver the valedictory address of this National Seminar organised by IMC. The Seminar provides an opportunity to consider the developments in the banking risk management, assess the recent experience in this space and wor
Apr 23, 2014
Framework for the conduct of macroprudential policy in India: experiences and perspectives
(Reproduced with permission from Financial Stability Review, April 2014 published by Banque de France)
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
(Reproduced with permission from Financial Stability Review, April 2014 published by Banque de France)
Mar 21, 2014
Transforming Credit Information into Action: Issues and Challenges
Shri M.V.Nair, Chairman, CIBIL; Shri R.V.Verma, CMD, National Housing Bank; Shri M.V.Tanksale, Chief Executive, Indian Banks’ Association; Shri Rajiv Sabharwal, Executive Director, ICICI Bank; Shri Arun Thukral, Managing Director, CIBIL; Shri Satish Pillai, Chief Operating Officer, CIBIL; delegates to the Conference; friends from the media fraternity; ladies and gentlemen! It is a pleasure for me to be present here this morning to deliver the keynote address at the Si
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri M.V.Nair, Chairman, CIBIL; Shri R.V.Verma, CMD, National Housing Bank; Shri M.V.Tanksale, Chief Executive, Indian Banks’ Association; Shri Rajiv Sabharwal, Executive Director, ICICI Bank; Shri Arun Thukral, Managing Director, CIBIL; Shri Satish Pillai, Chief Operating Officer, CIBIL; delegates to the Conference; friends from the media fraternity; ladies and gentlemen! It is a pleasure for me to be present here this morning to deliver the keynote address at the Si
Mar 11, 2014
Efficient systems and Proficient banks
Shri Sambamurthy, Dr Ramasastri, Dr Gulshan Rai, CIOs of banks, faculty and staff of IDRBT, ladies and gentlemen. I would like to express my gratitude to the Director for inviting me to deliver the keynote address at the two day Conference for the Chief Information Officers (CIO) of banks. I addressed a similar forum of CIOs in December 2012 at this very venue. I recollect that I had left the audience with a few questions for further deliberations in the Conference. I
Shri G Padmanabhan, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Shri Sambamurthy, Dr Ramasastri, Dr Gulshan Rai, CIOs of banks, faculty and staff of IDRBT, ladies and gentlemen. I would like to express my gratitude to the Director for inviting me to deliver the keynote address at the two day Conference for the Chief Information Officers (CIO) of banks. I addressed a similar forum of CIOs in December 2012 at this very venue. I recollect that I had left the audience with a few questions for further deliberations in the Conference. I
Feb 25, 2014
Bold face of India’s economy speaks out
Emerging markets Jacob Greber and Greg Earl report on governor with an impeccable pedigree Raghuram Rajan represents the bold face of India’s potential new economy – impeccably credentialed, upbeat and ready to force himself onto centre stage in the global debate about the reshaping of the world economy. Appointed as governor of the Reserve Bank of India in September, Rajan has taken no time to make himself heard in international financial markets. Last month he too
Dr. Raghuram G. Rajan, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Emerging markets Jacob Greber and Greg Earl report on governor with an impeccable pedigree Raghuram Rajan represents the bold face of India’s potential new economy – impeccably credentialed, upbeat and ready to force himself onto centre stage in the global debate about the reshaping of the world economy. Appointed as governor of the Reserve Bank of India in September, Rajan has taken no time to make himself heard in international financial markets. Last month he too
Feb 15, 2014
Financial Regulation: Which Way Forward?
I thank Prof. Rajas Parchure for inviting me to this Economic Conclave at the Gokhale Institute. The Conclave has brought together eminent scholars and policy practitioners to brainstorm on issues of contemporary relevance to the Indian economy. Such interchange of ideas is important not only in encouraging research but also in shaping the contours of policymaking. While the recent global financial crisis taught us several lessons, one key message has been the weaknes
Shri Deepak Mohanty, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
I thank Prof. Rajas Parchure for inviting me to this Economic Conclave at the Gokhale Institute. The Conclave has brought together eminent scholars and policy practitioners to brainstorm on issues of contemporary relevance to the Indian economy. Such interchange of ideas is important not only in encouraging research but also in shaping the contours of policymaking. While the recent global financial crisis taught us several lessons, one key message has been the weaknes
Feb 07, 2014
Human Resource Challenges in Indian banks: ‘Foolproof’ing the employees
Smt. Meena Hemchandra, Principal, College of Agricultural Banking (CAB), Pune; Shri R.K.Gupta, Executive Director, Bank of Maharashtra; delegates to the Conference; ladies and gentlemen! I thank the Principal, CAB for inviting me to inaugurate this conference of HR heads of banks and financial institutions. I feel the choice of theme for the Conference i.e. “Future Proofing of Banking Personnel” is quite interesting. Given that this Conference is now in its 7th year,
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Smt. Meena Hemchandra, Principal, College of Agricultural Banking (CAB), Pune; Shri R.K.Gupta, Executive Director, Bank of Maharashtra; delegates to the Conference; ladies and gentlemen! I thank the Principal, CAB for inviting me to inaugurate this conference of HR heads of banks and financial institutions. I feel the choice of theme for the Conference i.e. “Future Proofing of Banking Personnel” is quite interesting. Given that this Conference is now in its 7th year,
Feb 03, 2014
Indian Banking: the New Landscape
Sukumar and Tamal, thank you very much, for this invite. I am happy to note that you and your paper- the Mint, have been focussing on the process of change for the Indian banking that is presently underway. I see that in many of its writings. By organizing this discussion on ‘Indian Banking: The New Landscape’, it will further spur thoughts and debates in this area. That this discussion has drawn several doyens of the Indian banking, is a testimony to the importance o
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Sukumar and Tamal, thank you very much, for this invite. I am happy to note that you and your paper- the Mint, have been focussing on the process of change for the Indian banking that is presently underway. I see that in many of its writings. By organizing this discussion on ‘Indian Banking: The New Landscape’, it will further spur thoughts and debates in this area. That this discussion has drawn several doyens of the Indian banking, is a testimony to the importance o
Dec 13, 2013
NISM Conference on Ethics and Corporate Governance
Introduction At the outset, let me congratulate the organisers for this topical choice of subject, one which concerns us all. I thank Director, National Institute of Securities Markets, Dr.Sandip Ghose and the Institute of Company Secretaries for having me here and my dear friend, Prashant Saran, for that brilliant opening address, which quite sets the tone for this panel. Que Custodiet Ipso Custodes? Who will guard the guards ? Over the last two decades, corporate go
Dr. (Smt.) Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Introduction At the outset, let me congratulate the organisers for this topical choice of subject, one which concerns us all. I thank Director, National Institute of Securities Markets, Dr.Sandip Ghose and the Institute of Company Secretaries for having me here and my dear friend, Prashant Saran, for that brilliant opening address, which quite sets the tone for this panel. Que Custodiet Ipso Custodes? Who will guard the guards ? Over the last two decades, corporate go
Dec 12, 2013
Financial Sector Reforms
The economy is stabilizing, but there is no room for complacency. Some part of improvement in the CAD has happened due to suppressing gold imports. Not all the measures to reduce fiscal deficit are of high quality. We have considerable work to do still. At the same time the country faces elections next year. A stable government post elections, while likely, cannot be taken for granted. This implies that all parties have to work together today to ensure that any govern
Dr. Raghuram G. Rajan, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
The economy is stabilizing, but there is no room for complacency. Some part of improvement in the CAD has happened due to suppressing gold imports. Not all the measures to reduce fiscal deficit are of high quality. We have considerable work to do still. At the same time the country faces elections next year. A stable government post elections, while likely, cannot be taken for granted. This implies that all parties have to work together today to ensure that any govern
Dec 04, 2013
Credit Scoring – An effective way to ensure availability of timely and adequate credit to MSEs
Ms. Jennifer Isern, Manager, South Asia Advisory Services, International Finance Corporation (IFC); Shri S.K. Dubey, CMD, Canara Bank; Shri H.S.U. Kamath, CMD, Vijaya Bank; Smt. Archana Bhargava, CMD, United Bank of India; Shri Ashwini Kumar, CMD, Dena Bank; Shri S.R. Bansal, CMD, Corporation Bank; Shri Sushil Muhnot, CMD, Bank of Maharashtra; Dr. Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India; Executive Directors and other senior officials from various
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Ms. Jennifer Isern, Manager, South Asia Advisory Services, International Finance Corporation (IFC); Shri S.K. Dubey, CMD, Canara Bank; Shri H.S.U. Kamath, CMD, Vijaya Bank; Smt. Archana Bhargava, CMD, United Bank of India; Shri Ashwini Kumar, CMD, Dena Bank; Shri S.R. Bansal, CMD, Corporation Bank; Shri Sushil Muhnot, CMD, Bank of Maharashtra; Dr. Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India; Executive Directors and other senior officials from various
Nov 18, 2013
Two decades of credit management in banks : Looking back and moving ahead
Presentation Shri K.R. Kamath, Chairman, IBA and Chairman, Punjab National Bank; Smt. V.R. Iyer, Chairperson, Bank of India; CMDs of banks, delegates to the BANCON 2013; members of the print and electronic media; my other colleagues from the banking fraternity; ladies and gentlemen! At the outset let me thank the Indian Banks’ Association and the Bank of India for giving me this opportunity to share my thoughts with you from the platform of BANCON. This annual event i
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Presentation Shri K.R. Kamath, Chairman, IBA and Chairman, Punjab National Bank; Smt. V.R. Iyer, Chairperson, Bank of India; CMDs of banks, delegates to the BANCON 2013; members of the print and electronic media; my other colleagues from the banking fraternity; ladies and gentlemen! At the outset let me thank the Indian Banks’ Association and the Bank of India for giving me this opportunity to share my thoughts with you from the platform of BANCON. This annual event i
Nov 15, 2013
The Five Pillars of RBI’s Financial Sector Policies
Good evening. I thank the organisers for inviting me. These are challenging times for the Indian economy, but I have dwelt on those near-term challenges elsewhere. Let me turn instead to the opportunities we have to make India a far better place than it is today, focussing in particular on finance. Much of the world is ageing, facing the demographic tax of having to pay for an increasingly elderly population with a shrinking work force. Much of the world has run out o
Dr. Raghuram G. Rajan, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Good evening. I thank the organisers for inviting me. These are challenging times for the Indian economy, but I have dwelt on those near-term challenges elsewhere. Let me turn instead to the opportunities we have to make India a far better place than it is today, focussing in particular on finance. Much of the world is ageing, facing the demographic tax of having to pay for an increasingly elderly population with a shrinking work force. Much of the world has run out o
Nov 13, 2013
Vigilance Administration: Encouraging Probity in Public Life
Shri A. K. Handa, Chairman, Centre For Integrity, Governance & Training on Vigilance Administration (CIGVA); Shri S .K. Goel, former CMD, UCO Bank; Shri R.V. Verma, Chairman, NHB; other officials of CIGVA; delegates to this seminar on Vigilance Administration, ladies and gentlemen! At the outset, let me congratulate CIGVA and Shri Handa for creating an institutional forum which seeks to strengthen the governance processes with an underlying objective of bringing a
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri A. K. Handa, Chairman, Centre For Integrity, Governance & Training on Vigilance Administration (CIGVA); Shri S .K. Goel, former CMD, UCO Bank; Shri R.V. Verma, Chairman, NHB; other officials of CIGVA; delegates to this seminar on Vigilance Administration, ladies and gentlemen! At the outset, let me congratulate CIGVA and Shri Handa for creating an institutional forum which seeks to strengthen the governance processes with an underlying objective of bringing a
Nov 11, 2013
Training for Commercial Bankers
Honorable Chancellor Shri Vinay Hegde, Professor Dr. Ramananda Shetty, Dr. Shantaram Shetty, Dr. Thingalaya, Shri S.K. Jain, CMD, Syndicate Bank, Shri S.R. Bansal, CMD, Corporation Bank, Shri Anantha krishna, Chairman, Karnataka Bank, ladies and gentlemen. It gives me immense pleasure to inaugurate the academic block of NITTE Institute of Banking and Finance. It is an opportune time as also the need of the hour to enhance professional skills of bankers since we are po
Shri G. Gopalakrishna, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Honorable Chancellor Shri Vinay Hegde, Professor Dr. Ramananda Shetty, Dr. Shantaram Shetty, Dr. Thingalaya, Shri S.K. Jain, CMD, Syndicate Bank, Shri S.R. Bansal, CMD, Corporation Bank, Shri Anantha krishna, Chairman, Karnataka Bank, ladies and gentlemen. It gives me immense pleasure to inaugurate the academic block of NITTE Institute of Banking and Finance. It is an opportune time as also the need of the hour to enhance professional skills of bankers since we are po
Oct 11, 2013
Welcome to India: State of the Indian economy, banking sector and factoring services
Mr. Gerhard Prenner, Chairman, International Factors Group (IFG); Mr. Pramod Bhasin, Founder & Vice Chairman, Genpact Limited; Mr. Sanjay Chamria, Co-founder & CEO, Magma Fincorp Limited; Mr. Ravi Gupta, Managing Director, Blend Financial Services Ltd.; delegates to the conference, ladies and gentlemen! It gives me great pleasure to welcome you all, especially the foreign delegates, to India and to this historic city of New Delhi for IFG’s Annual Conference. I
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Mr. Gerhard Prenner, Chairman, International Factors Group (IFG); Mr. Pramod Bhasin, Founder & Vice Chairman, Genpact Limited; Mr. Sanjay Chamria, Co-founder & CEO, Magma Fincorp Limited; Mr. Ravi Gupta, Managing Director, Blend Financial Services Ltd.; delegates to the conference, ladies and gentlemen! It gives me great pleasure to welcome you all, especially the foreign delegates, to India and to this historic city of New Delhi for IFG’s Annual Conference. I
Oct 07, 2013
What, Why and How of Retail (Mass) Banking: Issues and Challenges
Mrs. Usha Thorat, Director, Centre For Advanced Financial Research And Learning (CAFRAL); Mr. B D W A Silva, Deputy Governor , Central Bank of Sri Lanka; CEOs of various commercial banks from across the globe, other fellow Central Bankers ; ladies and gentleman! At the outset, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all the delegates to this roundtable, especially the foreign delegates who have travelled to India to be a part of this event. It is indeed a privilege f
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Mrs. Usha Thorat, Director, Centre For Advanced Financial Research And Learning (CAFRAL); Mr. B D W A Silva, Deputy Governor , Central Bank of Sri Lanka; CEOs of various commercial banks from across the globe, other fellow Central Bankers ; ladies and gentleman! At the outset, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all the delegates to this roundtable, especially the foreign delegates who have travelled to India to be a part of this event. It is indeed a privilege f
Sep 30, 2013
Transformation of Development Financial Institutions into Commercial Banks: The Case of IDBI and the Role of Employee Unions
Shri Basudeb Achariya, Hon’ble MP, Lok Sabha; Comrade Rajen Nagar, President, AIBEA; Shri B.P. Kanungo, Regional Director for West Bengal and Sikkim, Reserve Bank of India; Shri Samir Ghosh, General Secretary, All Indian Reserve Bank Employees Association; Principal office bearers of the United Forum of IDBI Officers and Employees; officers and employees of IDBI and other delegates to the seminar; ladies and gentlemen! I am pleased to note that the United Forum of IDB
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri Basudeb Achariya, Hon’ble MP, Lok Sabha; Comrade Rajen Nagar, President, AIBEA; Shri B.P. Kanungo, Regional Director for West Bengal and Sikkim, Reserve Bank of India; Shri Samir Ghosh, General Secretary, All Indian Reserve Bank Employees Association; Principal office bearers of the United Forum of IDBI Officers and Employees; officers and employees of IDBI and other delegates to the seminar; ladies and gentlemen! I am pleased to note that the United Forum of IDB
Sep 28, 2013
National Institute of Bank Management Conclave on Implications of New Bank Licences
I have great pleasure and privilege in associating myself with the conclave of the Post Graduate Students of National Institute of Bank Management (NIBM), Pune. I am indeed grateful to Director Allen C A Pereira for inviting me to deliver the inaugural address. NIBM is a premier educational institution of the country in the field of banking and finance and it is but natural for them to select a subject of topical interest for this conclave. 2. I understand that the ob
Shri B. Mahapatra, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
I have great pleasure and privilege in associating myself with the conclave of the Post Graduate Students of National Institute of Bank Management (NIBM), Pune. I am indeed grateful to Director Allen C A Pereira for inviting me to deliver the inaugural address. NIBM is a premier educational institution of the country in the field of banking and finance and it is but natural for them to select a subject of topical interest for this conclave. 2. I understand that the ob
Aug 20, 2013
Infrastructure Financing By Banks In India: Myths and Realities
Mr. B. Sreeram, Managing Director, State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur; Mr M. Bhagavantha Rao, MD, State Bank of Hyderabad; my fellow panelists, Mr. V. G. Kannan, MD, SBI Capital Markets Limited; Mr. Partha Bhattacharya, Ex- CMD, Coal India Limited; Mr. Seshagiri Rao, Joint Managing Director, JSW Steel Limited and CFO of JSW Group, Ms. Zarin Daruwala, President, ICICI Bank Ltd.; delegates to the Conclave; ladies and gentlemen. It is, indeed, a great pleasure to be here
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Mr. B. Sreeram, Managing Director, State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur; Mr M. Bhagavantha Rao, MD, State Bank of Hyderabad; my fellow panelists, Mr. V. G. Kannan, MD, SBI Capital Markets Limited; Mr. Partha Bhattacharya, Ex- CMD, Coal India Limited; Mr. Seshagiri Rao, Joint Managing Director, JSW Steel Limited and CFO of JSW Group, Ms. Zarin Daruwala, President, ICICI Bank Ltd.; delegates to the Conclave; ladies and gentlemen. It is, indeed, a great pleasure to be here
Aug 15, 2013
Productivity Trends in Indian Banking in the Post Reform Period – Experience, Issues and Future Challenges
Shri K.R. Kamath, Chairman, IBA and CMD, Punjab National Bank; Shri H.S.U. Kamath, CMD, Vijaya Bank; Smt. V.R. Iyer, CMD, Bank of India; Shri R.K. Dubey, CMD, Canara Bank; Shri M. Narendra, CMD, Indian Overseas Bank; Shri D. Sarkar, CMD Union Bank of India; other senior colleagues from the banking industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is, indeed, a great pleasure and privilege for me to address this
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri K.R. Kamath, Chairman, IBA and CMD, Punjab National Bank; Shri H.S.U. Kamath, CMD, Vijaya Bank; Smt. V.R. Iyer, CMD, Bank of India; Shri R.K. Dubey, CMD, Canara Bank; Shri M. Narendra, CMD, Indian Overseas Bank; Shri D. Sarkar, CMD Union Bank of India; other senior colleagues from the banking industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is, indeed, a great pleasure and privilege for me to address this
Aug 13, 2013
Banking Structure in India Looking Ahead by Looking Back
1. For the fifth year on a trot, you have given me the privilege of inaugurating this prestigious and influential FICCI-IBA Annual Banking Conference. In my fifth year as Governor of RBI, I have the Governor’s annual schedule firmly ingrained in my mind. I have come to expect, even look forward to, this event in September every year. I am aware that the organizers have advanced the schedule by a month to extend to me the honour of inaugurating this conference before I
Dr. D. Subbarao, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
1. For the fifth year on a trot, you have given me the privilege of inaugurating this prestigious and influential FICCI-IBA Annual Banking Conference. In my fifth year as Governor of RBI, I have the Governor’s annual schedule firmly ingrained in my mind. I have come to expect, even look forward to, this event in September every year. I am aware that the organizers have advanced the schedule by a month to extend to me the honour of inaugurating this conference before I
Aug 02, 2013
Responsible Innovation and Regulation in the Financial Sector
Once again, it is my pleasure and privilege to be here at IDRBT for the annual awards for IT excellence in banking. Every time I come here, I am impressed by the passion and energy with which IDRBT pursues its mission of improving banking technology. Over the last five years, under the leadership of Director Sambamurthy, the Institute has made impressive progress in several areas. Apart from training junior and middle level officers, the Institute also engages Directo
Dr. D. Subbarao, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Once again, it is my pleasure and privilege to be here at IDRBT for the annual awards for IT excellence in banking. Every time I come here, I am impressed by the passion and energy with which IDRBT pursues its mission of improving banking technology. Over the last five years, under the leadership of Director Sambamurthy, the Institute has made impressive progress in several areas. Apart from training junior and middle level officers, the Institute also engages Directo
Jul 29, 2013
Frauds in the Banking Sector: Causes, Concerns and Cures
Dr. Rana Kapoor, President, ASSOCHAM and MD & CEO, Yes Bank; Shri M. J. Joseph, Additional Secretary and Chief Vigilance Officer, Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Ms. Preeti Malhotra, Chairperson, ASSOCHAM National Council for Corporate Affairs; senior members from the financial services industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure to be here this morning to deliver the inaugural address at
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Dr. Rana Kapoor, President, ASSOCHAM and MD & CEO, Yes Bank; Shri M. J. Joseph, Additional Secretary and Chief Vigilance Officer, Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Ms. Preeti Malhotra, Chairperson, ASSOCHAM National Council for Corporate Affairs; senior members from the financial services industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure to be here this morning to deliver the inaugural address at
Jul 18, 2013
Financing Strategies for Urban Infrastructure: Trends and Challenges
Presentation I. Introduction 1. It is my great pleasure to be here for the opening session of this conference where so many stakeholders – the Government (central, state and local), the financiers, the rating agencies and the academia – have come together to deliberate on an important subject that is fast gaining significance. I am thankful to the Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning (CAFRAL) and, in particular Smt. Usha Thorat, Director, CAFRAL for tak
Shri Harun R Khan, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Presentation I. Introduction 1. It is my great pleasure to be here for the opening session of this conference where so many stakeholders – the Government (central, state and local), the financiers, the rating agencies and the academia – have come together to deliberate on an important subject that is fast gaining significance. I am thankful to the Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning (CAFRAL) and, in particular Smt. Usha Thorat, Director, CAFRAL for tak
Jul 16, 2013
Compliance Function in Banks: Back to the basics
Mr. S.N. Ananthasubramanian, President, Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI);Mr. Allen Pereira, Director, National Institute of Bank Management (NIBM); Dr. R. Bhaskaran, Chief Executive Officer, Indian Institute of Banking & Finance (IIBF); Mr. S.S. Mundra, CMD, Bank of Baroda; Mr. M.V. Tanksale, CMD, Central Bank of India; other dignitaries, ladies and gentlemen. I am pleased to be amidst you today on the occasion of launch of two new certificate cour
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Mr. S.N. Ananthasubramanian, President, Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI);Mr. Allen Pereira, Director, National Institute of Bank Management (NIBM); Dr. R. Bhaskaran, Chief Executive Officer, Indian Institute of Banking & Finance (IIBF); Mr. S.S. Mundra, CMD, Bank of Baroda; Mr. M.V. Tanksale, CMD, Central Bank of India; other dignitaries, ladies and gentlemen. I am pleased to be amidst you today on the occasion of launch of two new certificate cour
Jul 15, 2013
Conference of Principal Code Compliance Officers (PCCOs) / Chairmen of Regional Rural Banks organised by BCSBI at Mumbai, on July 15, 2013
It is a privilege to be here this morning and I would like to thank Shri A.C. Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI, and Shri N. Raja, CEO, BCSBI, for giving me the opportunity to be here. I extend warm congratulations to the BCSBI on the initiative of hosting this Conference of Principal Code Compliance Officers (PCCOs) of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). I understand it is an annual event. 2. The purpose is to interface with the Chairmen of RRBs. This becomes especially important as
Dr. (Smt.) Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
It is a privilege to be here this morning and I would like to thank Shri A.C. Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI, and Shri N. Raja, CEO, BCSBI, for giving me the opportunity to be here. I extend warm congratulations to the BCSBI on the initiative of hosting this Conference of Principal Code Compliance Officers (PCCOs) of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). I understand it is an annual event. 2. The purpose is to interface with the Chairmen of RRBs. This becomes especially important as
Jul 05, 2013
Credit Information Companies: Seeking New Frontiers
Dr. Richard Fiddis, Managing Director – Strategic Markets, Experian; Mr. Vikram Narayan and Mr. Mohan Jayaraman, Managing Directors, Experian Credit Information Company of India Pvt. Ltd.; senior members from the financial services industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure to be here this morning to deliver the inaugural address at the Experian India Conclave 2013. As you know, this Conclav
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Dr. Richard Fiddis, Managing Director – Strategic Markets, Experian; Mr. Vikram Narayan and Mr. Mohan Jayaraman, Managing Directors, Experian Credit Information Company of India Pvt. Ltd.; senior members from the financial services industry; delegates to the conference; members of the print and electronic media; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure to be here this morning to deliver the inaugural address at the Experian India Conclave 2013. As you know, this Conclav
Jun 11, 2013
Challenges and Concerns of the Central Bank: Opportunities and Role for the Commercial Banks
Presentation It is a pleasure to be in the midst of so many bankers & colleagues in this serene temple city of Thiruvananthapuram in God’s own country of Kerala. Bankers’ Club, as we all know, provides an informal platform for exchange of views and information on the banking system and about the economic environment in which banks operate. This has assumed added importance in these challenging times for the economy and the financial system. Today, I intend to cove
Shri Harun R Khan, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Presentation It is a pleasure to be in the midst of so many bankers & colleagues in this serene temple city of Thiruvananthapuram in God’s own country of Kerala. Bankers’ Club, as we all know, provides an informal platform for exchange of views and information on the banking system and about the economic environment in which banks operate. This has assumed added importance in these challenging times for the economy and the financial system. Today, I intend to cove
Jun 05, 2013
The Global Financial Crisis and the Indian Financial Sector What Have We Learnt and How Have We Responded?
Thank you very much for inviting me to speak at this conference of the Indian Merchants’ Chamber on international finance and banking. I attach a lot of value to speaking from this platform and to sharing some thoughts on financial and banking sector reforms. 2. In a few months from now, we will be marking the fifth anniversary of the collapse of Lehman Brothers which will go down in popular perception as the trigger for the biggest financial crisis of our time. Five
Dr. D. Subbarao, Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Thank you very much for inviting me to speak at this conference of the Indian Merchants’ Chamber on international finance and banking. I attach a lot of value to speaking from this platform and to sharing some thoughts on financial and banking sector reforms. 2. In a few months from now, we will be marking the fifth anniversary of the collapse of Lehman Brothers which will go down in popular perception as the trigger for the biggest financial crisis of our time. Five
May 24, 2013
Evolving Regulations and Emerging Market Challenges- The Indian context
It is a pleasure to once again address the practitioners of foreign exchange at this Seminar organized by the Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India in the beautiful city state of Singapore. Let us hope that the events that follow in the Indian forex market would be largely different from the events that followed after my last address in this city. The issues that you have flagged for discussion are very topical and therefore I shall comment on each of them. A.
Shri G Padmanabhan, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
It is a pleasure to once again address the practitioners of foreign exchange at this Seminar organized by the Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India in the beautiful city state of Singapore. Let us hope that the events that follow in the Indian forex market would be largely different from the events that followed after my last address in this city. The issues that you have flagged for discussion are very topical and therefore I shall comment on each of them. A.
May 18, 2013
Perspectives on Banking in India
I thank Shri Rajiv Mundhra, President Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and Shri Rajeev Singh, Director General ICC for the opportunity to be a part of this distinguished panel. The ICC is making an important contribution to the development of banking by bringing together the experience and expertise from the banking industry, corporate sector and financial regulators through its banking summits year after year. In this year’s Summit too, I see a judicious mix of exper
Shri Deepak Mohanty, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
I thank Shri Rajiv Mundhra, President Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and Shri Rajeev Singh, Director General ICC for the opportunity to be a part of this distinguished panel. The ICC is making an important contribution to the development of banking by bringing together the experience and expertise from the banking industry, corporate sector and financial regulators through its banking summits year after year. In this year’s Summit too, I see a judicious mix of exper
May 14, 2013
Strengthening the Banking Supervision through Risk Based Approach: Laying the Stepping Stones
The learned Non-executive directors on the Boards of various commercial banks; Shri A.K. Garg, CGM, CAFRAL; colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure and privilege for me to be amongst you this morning at the inaugural session of this conference organized by CAFRAL, with the objective of enabling non-executive directors of commercial banks to effectively perform their responsibilities as members of Bank Boards. As non-executive
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
The learned Non-executive directors on the Boards of various commercial banks; Shri A.K. Garg, CGM, CAFRAL; colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure and privilege for me to be amongst you this morning at the inaugural session of this conference organized by CAFRAL, with the objective of enabling non-executive directors of commercial banks to effectively perform their responsibilities as members of Bank Boards. As non-executive
May 06, 2013
Indian Rural Banking Sector: Big Challenges and the Road Ahead
Respected Dr. Thingalaya, Former CMD Syndicate Bank, Dr. G. L. Easwara Prasad, Principal, Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering, senior bankers and dear students. I am extremely delighted to be amongst you in this prestigious institute which has several achievements in engineering studies to its credit in a very short span of time. I am honoured, privileged and happy to inaugurate this topical seminar aptly titled Indian Banking Sector Big Challenges and t
Dr. (Smt.) Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Respected Dr. Thingalaya, Former CMD Syndicate Bank, Dr. G. L. Easwara Prasad, Principal, Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering, senior bankers and dear students. I am extremely delighted to be amongst you in this prestigious institute which has several achievements in engineering studies to its credit in a very short span of time. I am honoured, privileged and happy to inaugurate this topical seminar aptly titled Indian Banking Sector Big Challenges and t
Apr 30, 2013
Regulation for Financial Consumer Protection: Present Status and Future Directions
Presentation Shri A.C. Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI; Shri C.K Krishnan and Shri M. M. Chitale, Members of BCSBI Governing Council; Shri N. Raja, CEO, BCSBI; Smt. Meena Hemachandra, Principal, College of Agricultural Banking; Principal Code Compliance Officers (PCCOs) from various scheduled commercial banks and urban cooperative banks; officials from BCSBI; colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure for me to be here today at the PCCO
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Presentation Shri A.C. Mahajan, Chairman, BCSBI; Shri C.K Krishnan and Shri M. M. Chitale, Members of BCSBI Governing Council; Shri N. Raja, CEO, BCSBI; Smt. Meena Hemachandra, Principal, College of Agricultural Banking; Principal Code Compliance Officers (PCCOs) from various scheduled commercial banks and urban cooperative banks; officials from BCSBI; colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India; ladies and gentlemen. It is a pleasure for me to be here today at the PCCO
Apr 15, 2013
Perspectives on Housing Finance in India
I thank Mr. R.V. Verma, Chairman and Managing Director, National Housing Bank (NHB) for the opportunity to be a part of this distinguished panel on “Housing Finance Post Sub-prime”. Housing is a basic necessity. Yet a large number of households do not have access to decent housing, particularly in a developing country like ours. In view of the importance of housing, a key element of public policy in many countries has been to encourage house ownership largely through
Shri Deepak Mohanty, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
I thank Mr. R.V. Verma, Chairman and Managing Director, National Housing Bank (NHB) for the opportunity to be a part of this distinguished panel on “Housing Finance Post Sub-prime”. Housing is a basic necessity. Yet a large number of households do not have access to decent housing, particularly in a developing country like ours. In view of the importance of housing, a key element of public policy in many countries has been to encourage house ownership largely through
Mar 29, 2013
Financial Consumer Protection
Madam Anne Le Lorier, First Deputy Governor, Banque de France, Senior executives from the Banque de France, Shri G. Padmanabhan and Smt. Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Directors and my other colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India, Principal and the staff at College of Agricultural Banking, Pune, participants to the seminar, ladies and gentlemen! At the outset, I extend a warm and hearty welcome to all of you, and especially to our guests from France, I say “bienvenu
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Madam Anne Le Lorier, First Deputy Governor, Banque de France, Senior executives from the Banque de France, Shri G. Padmanabhan and Smt. Deepali Pant Joshi, Executive Directors and my other colleagues from the Reserve Bank of India, Principal and the staff at College of Agricultural Banking, Pune, participants to the seminar, ladies and gentlemen! At the outset, I extend a warm and hearty welcome to all of you, and especially to our guests from France, I say “bienvenu
Mar 20, 2013
Governance in Banks and Financial Institutions
Shri Deosthalee and senior management of L & T. A very good evening. I deem it a privilege to address you this evening on ‘Governance in banks and financial institutions’. 2. Governance issues have been engaging the attention of policy makers, more intensely in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Many instances of governance failures have come to the fore as the contributory factors that had exacerbated the crisis. With lessons learnt from the crisis, th
Shri Anand Sinha, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Shri Deosthalee and senior management of L & T. A very good evening. I deem it a privilege to address you this evening on ‘Governance in banks and financial institutions’. 2. Governance issues have been engaging the attention of policy makers, more intensely in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. Many instances of governance failures have come to the fore as the contributory factors that had exacerbated the crisis. With lessons learnt from the crisis, th
Mar 06, 2013
Approach to regulation and supervision in the post crisis world
Ms. Usha Thorat, Director, Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning (CAFRAL), Mr. Aristobulo de Juan, a veteran supervisor and an international consultant, Mr. Pierre Yves Thoraval, former Deputy Secretary General of the French Banking Commission, Mr. Chris Cardoza, Program Director at the Toronto Centre, Ms. Shyamala Gopinath, former Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India and all the esteemed delegates of the conference. It is my privilege to address you a
Shri Anand Sinha, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Ms. Usha Thorat, Director, Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning (CAFRAL), Mr. Aristobulo de Juan, a veteran supervisor and an international consultant, Mr. Pierre Yves Thoraval, former Deputy Secretary General of the French Banking Commission, Mr. Chris Cardoza, Program Director at the Toronto Centre, Ms. Shyamala Gopinath, former Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India and all the esteemed delegates of the conference. It is my privilege to address you a
Feb 18, 2013
Indian Banking Sector: Pushing the Boundaries
Dr. Pritam Singh, Director General, International Management Institute (IMI), participants from Reserve Bank of India and the commercial banks! It is a pleasure to be amongst you today as you complete the first leg of the learning experience which is the Advanced Management Programme. I believe that the programme is craftily designed with an appropriate blend of lectures and interactive sessions with some leading academicians, industry captains and management experts,
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Dr. Pritam Singh, Director General, International Management Institute (IMI), participants from Reserve Bank of India and the commercial banks! It is a pleasure to be amongst you today as you complete the first leg of the learning experience which is the Advanced Management Programme. I believe that the programme is craftily designed with an appropriate blend of lectures and interactive sessions with some leading academicians, industry captains and management experts,
Jan 22, 2013
Reserve Bank of India – Federal Reserve System Market Risk Analysis Seminar
1) I extend a warm welcome to the faculty from the Federal Reserve and all the participants of this programme. I am happy to inaugurate the Market Risk Analysis Programme. The periodic programmes involving the Fed Reserve experts have been welcomed wholeheartedly by the participants and we are glad to have another edition of the training programme, with focus on market risk. I hope the participants would be immensely benefited by this programme, just like the particip
Shri G. Gopalakrishna, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
1) I extend a warm welcome to the faculty from the Federal Reserve and all the participants of this programme. I am happy to inaugurate the Market Risk Analysis Programme. The periodic programmes involving the Fed Reserve experts have been welcomed wholeheartedly by the participants and we are glad to have another edition of the training programme, with focus on market risk. I hope the participants would be immensely benefited by this programme, just like the particip
Jan 19, 2013
Vote of Thanks by Dr. K. C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India at the First Prof. Tendulkar Memorial Oration at CAB, Pune on January 19, 2013
Respected Governor, Honourable Prof. Abhijit Banerjee, distinguished guests, my colleagues from Reserve Bank, ladies and gentlemen 2. On behalf of the Reserve Bank of India and also College of Agricultural Banking, Pune, I sincerely thank Prof. Abhijit Banerjee for having accepted our invitation to deliver the first Suresh Tendulkar Memorial Oration here today. 3. The Memorial Orations series in Reserve Bank have been a platform for all of us to share knowledge from a
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Respected Governor, Honourable Prof. Abhijit Banerjee, distinguished guests, my colleagues from Reserve Bank, ladies and gentlemen 2. On behalf of the Reserve Bank of India and also College of Agricultural Banking, Pune, I sincerely thank Prof. Abhijit Banerjee for having accepted our invitation to deliver the first Suresh Tendulkar Memorial Oration here today. 3. The Memorial Orations series in Reserve Bank have been a platform for all of us to share knowledge from a
Dec 31, 2012
Contemporary issues in Banking: Reflections on Viewpoints of a Bank Economist
Dr. M. Narendra, Chairman and Managing Director, Indian Overseas Bank (IOB); Shri A.K. Bansal and Shri A.D.M. Chavali, Executive Directors of IOB; Shri N. Viswanathan, Regional Director, RBI; Smt. Indira Padmini and other General Managers of IOB; Shri M. Ramaswamy, Retired Secretary of Auroville; Shri S. Muthiah, Historian; Shri M.Ct.P. Chidambaram, grandson of the founder of Indian Overseas Bank; Shri B.J. Krishnan, Environmentalist; Shri Bhakther Solomon, Chief Exec
Dr. K.C. Chakrabarty, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India
Dr. M. Narendra, Chairman and Managing Director, Indian Overseas Bank (IOB); Shri A.K. Bansal and Shri A.D.M. Chavali, Executive Directors of IOB; Shri N. Viswanathan, Regional Director, RBI; Smt. Indira Padmini and other General Managers of IOB; Shri M. Ramaswamy, Retired Secretary of Auroville; Shri S. Muthiah, Historian; Shri M.Ct.P. Chidambaram, grandson of the founder of Indian Overseas Bank; Shri B.J. Krishnan, Environmentalist; Shri Bhakther Solomon, Chief Exec
Dec 17, 2012
Technology enabled transformation in the Financial Sector
Mr Sambamurthy, Members of Faculty, CIOs and GMs of banks, ladies and gentlemen. I thank the IDRBT for inviting me to address this erudite audience. The issues that I have chosen to flag; I hope, would generate adequate interest and be the basis for further deliberations leading to some concrete suggestions. We, in the Reserve Bank would eagerly look forward to such outcomes, as these can be useful to set the road map for technology adoption in the Indian financial se
Shri G Padmanabhan, Executive Director, Reserve Bank of India
Mr Sambamurthy, Members of Faculty, CIOs and GMs of banks, ladies and gentlemen. I thank the IDRBT for inviting me to address this erudite audience. The issues that I have chosen to flag; I hope, would generate adequate interest and be the basis for further deliberations leading to some concrete suggestions. We, in the Reserve Bank would eagerly look forward to such outcomes, as these can be useful to set the road map for technology adoption in the Indian financial se
Install the RBI mobile application and get quick access to the latest news!
Page Last Updated on: November 06, 2024
