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External Investments and Operations Overview Banner

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External Investments and Operations Overview

About About

About

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the custodian of the country’s foreign exchange reserves and is vested with the responsibility of managing their investment. The basic parameters of the Reserve Bank’s policies for foreign exchange reserves management are safety, liquidity and returns. The legal provisions governing management of foreign exchange reserves are laid down in the RBI Act, 1934. In brief, the law broadly permits the following investment categories: update scenario

    a) deposits with other central banks and the BIS;

    b) deposits with commercial banks overseas;

    c) debt instruments representing sovereign/sovereign-guaranteed liability with residual maturity for the debt papers not exceeding 10 years;

    d) other instruments / institutions as approved by the Central Board of the RBI in accordance with the provisions of the Act;

    e) Investment, sale, purchase and deposits in gold; and

    f) dealing in certain types of derivatives.
  •  
  • While safety and liquidity continue to be the twin-pillars of reserves management, return optimisation has become an embedded strategy within this framework. The Reserve Bank has framed policy guidelines stipulating stringent eligibility criteria for issuers, counterparties, and investments to be made with them to enhance the safety and liquidity of reserves. The Reserve Bank, in consultation with the Government, continuously reviews the reserves management strategies.
  •  
    • In the RBI, the work related to the reserves management is handled in the Department of External Investments and Operations (DEIO).

External Investments and Operations Key Topics

Key Topics

RBI External Investments and Operations Overview Accordion

Date : November 01, 2024

Item As on Oct. 25, 2024 Variation over
Week End-March 2024 Year
₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn. ₹ Cr. US$ Mn.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Total Reserves 5757912 684805 -28619 -3463 366656 38386 878824 98694
1.1 Foreign Currency Assets # 4992326 593751 -37275 -4484 230482 22801 684356 76247
1.2 Gold 576181 68527 9149 1082 136861 15852 193892 22603
1.3 SDRs 153190 18219 -420 -52 1967 88 4095 309
1.4 Reserve Position in the IMF 36215 4307 -74 -9 -2654 -355 -3518 -465
* Difference, if any, is due to rounding off.
# Excludes (a) SDR holdings of the Reserve Bank, as they are included under the SDR holdings; (b) investment in bonds issued by IIFC (UK); and (c) amounts lent under the SAARC and ACU currency swap arrangements.

Date : November 01, 2024

(₹ Crore)
Item Outstanding as on Variation over
2024 Week Financial Year so far Year-on-Year
2023-24 2024-25 2023 2024
Mar. 31 Oct. 25 Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount % Amount %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Reserve Money 4631446 4738444 73957 1.6 -41154 -0.9 106998 2.3 226731 5.5 392839 9.0
1 Components (1.1+1.2+1.3)                        
1.1 Currency in Circulation 3511461 3534434 16039 0.5 -74700 -2.2 22973 0.7 92874 2.9 230613 7.0
1.2 Bankers' Deposits with RBI 1025449 1107212 59411 5.7 36752 3.9 81763 8.0 129658 15.5 139983 14.5
1.3 ‘Other’ Deposits with RBI 94536 96799 -1493 -1.5 -3205 -4.1 2262 2.4 4199 6.0 22243 29.8
2 Sources (2.1+2.2+2.3+2.4-2.5)                        
2.1 Net RBI Credit to Government 1193213 1060149 -72284   -484411   -133064   -140506   93435  
2.1.1 Net RBI Credit to Centre 1186655 1036112 -72966   -505491   -150543   -160192   91227  
2.2 RBI Credit to Banks and Commercial Sector -46147 -46843 159787   198500   -696   30218   -150901  
2.2.1 RBI's Net Claims on Banks -60553 -57604 158202   219805   2949   44604   -156418  
2.3 Net Foreign Exchange Assets of RBI 5240824 5605044 -25161 -0.4 147311 3.2 364220 6.9 513201 12.2 870378 18.4
2.4 Government’s Currency Liabilities to the Public 33432 34833     1654 5.5 1401 4.2 2728 9.3 2894 9.1
2.5 Net Non-Monetary Liabilities of RBI 1789875 1914738 -11615 -0.6 -95793 -6.0 124863 7.0 178910 13.6 422966 28.4

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