आज भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक ने मार्च 2021 चक्र के उपभोक्ता विश्वास सर्वेक्षण (CCS)1 के परिणाम जारी किए। यह सर्वेक्षण तेरह बड़े शहरों – अहमदाबाद, बेंगलुरु, भोपाल, चेन्नई, दिल्ली, गुवाहाटी, हैदराबाद, जयपुर, कोलकाता, लखनऊ, मुंबई, पटना और तिरुवनंतपुरम - में फ़रवरी 27 से मार्च 08, 2021 के बीच आमने सामने के साक्षात्कार द्वारा आयोजित किया गया । इसमें सामान्य आर्थिक स्थिति, रोजगार परिदृश्य, समग्र मूल्य स्थिति और पारिवारिक इकाइयों की आय और व्यय के संबंध में धारणाएं और अपेक्षाएं 5,372 पारिवारिक इकाइयों से प्राप्त की गईं।2 विशेष: I. आर्थिक स्थिति, आय एवं कीमतों को लेकर बिगड़ती भावनाओं के कारण वर्तमान स्थिति सूचकांक (CSI)3 नकारात्मक क्षेत्र में और भी नीचे पहुंच गया। इसके चलते मार्च 2021 में वर्तमान काल के लिए उपभोक्ता विश्वास कमजोर होता दिखा (चार्ट 1 एवं तालिका 1 और 3)। II. उत्तरदाताओं ने आने वाले वर्ष के लिए आशावाद में कमी दर्शायी, जो भविष्य की अपेक्षाओं के सूचकांक में परिलक्षित हुआ (FEI); कीमतों को छोड़कर सभी प्रमुख मापदंडों पर एक साल आगे की धारणा, हालांकि, सकारात्मक क्षेत्र में बनी रही (तालिका 2, 3, 4 एवं 5)।
नोट: कृपया समय श्रृंखला डेटा के लिए एक्सेल फाइल देखें। III. एक वर्ष पहले अधिक आवश्यक खर्च के साथ, ज्यादातर उपभोक्ताओं ने उच्च समग्र व्यय की सूचना दी, जो विवेकाधीन खर्च में निरंतर गिरावट के बावजूद आने वाले वर्ष में और बढ़ने की उम्मीद है (तालिका 6, 7 और 8)।
Table 1: Perceptions and Expectations on the General Economic Situation |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Improved |
Remained Same |
Worsened |
Net Response |
Will Improve |
Will Remain Same |
Will Worsen |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
28.4 |
19.3 |
52.3 |
-23.9 |
49.8 |
15.6 |
34.7 |
15.1 |
May-20 |
14.4 |
11.2 |
74.4 |
-60.0 |
39.6 |
9.0 |
51.4 |
-11.7 |
Jul-20 |
11.9 |
10.3 |
77.8 |
-65.9 |
44.3 |
13.5 |
42.2 |
2.1 |
Sep-20 |
9.0 |
11.4 |
79.6 |
-70.6 |
50.1 |
15.1 |
34.8 |
15.3 |
Nov-20 |
11.0 |
11.5 |
77.5 |
-66.5 |
50.9 |
13.9 |
35.2 |
15.7 |
Jan-21 |
14.3 |
13.6 |
72.2 |
-57.9 |
52.6 |
16.1 |
31.3 |
21.3 |
Mar-21 |
12.1 |
11.9 |
76.0 |
-63.9 |
44.0 |
17.3 |
38.7 |
5.3 |
Table 2: Perceptions and Expectations on Employment |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Improved |
Remained Same |
Worsened |
Net Response |
Will Improve |
Will Remain Same |
Will Worsen |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
25.2 |
19.1 |
55.7 |
-30.5 |
48.8 |
17.1 |
34.1 |
14.7 |
May-20 |
19.2 |
13.4 |
67.4 |
-48.2 |
41.5 |
11.1 |
47.4 |
-5.9 |
Jul-20 |
13.0 |
8.9 |
78.1 |
-65.1 |
48.6 |
13.3 |
38.2 |
10.4 |
Sep-20 |
10.1 |
8.1 |
81.7 |
-71.6 |
54.1 |
14.3 |
31.6 |
22.5 |
Nov-20 |
11.0 |
9.5 |
79.5 |
-68.5 |
52.0 |
14.9 |
33.1 |
18.9 |
Jan-21 |
13.1 |
11.5 |
75.4 |
-62.3 |
55.3 |
16.1 |
28.6 |
26.7 |
Mar-21 |
12.9 |
11.8 |
75.3 |
-62.4 |
46.7 |
17.3 |
36.0 |
10.7 |
Table 3: Perceptions and Expectations on Price Level |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
87.2 |
10.3 |
2.6 |
-84.6 |
78.1 |
14.2 |
7.7 |
-70.4 |
May-20 |
79.1 |
17.5 |
3.4 |
-75.8 |
75.8 |
14.8 |
9.4 |
-66.4 |
Jul-20 |
79.7 |
16.7 |
3.6 |
-76.2 |
71.6 |
18.3 |
10.1 |
-61.5 |
Sep-20 |
82.9 |
14.6 |
2.5 |
-80.4 |
69.5 |
20.5 |
10.0 |
-59.5 |
Nov-20 |
89.7 |
9.0 |
1.4 |
-88.3 |
70.5 |
17.4 |
12.1 |
-58.4 |
Jan-21 |
88.6 |
9.6 |
1.7 |
-86.9 |
73.2 |
17.1 |
9.7 |
-63.5 |
Mar-21 |
93.8 |
5.0 |
1.2 |
-92.6 |
75.0 |
14.4 |
10.6 |
-64.4 |
Table 4: Perceptions and Expectations on Rate of Change in Price Level (Inflation)* |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
80.8 |
15.7 |
3.5 |
-77.3 |
75.6 |
20.3 |
4.1 |
-71.5 |
May-20 |
74.8 |
18.6 |
6.6 |
-68.2 |
73.4 |
19.5 |
7.1 |
-66.3 |
Jul-20 |
79.8 |
15.6 |
4.5 |
-75.3 |
76.4 |
18.6 |
5.0 |
-71.4 |
Sep-20 |
83.0 |
13.1 |
3.9 |
-79.1 |
75.9 |
19.6 |
4.6 |
-71.3 |
Nov-20 |
88.3 |
8.9 |
2.8 |
-85.5 |
78.3 |
16.7 |
4.9 |
-73.4 |
Jan-21 |
83.5 |
13.4 |
3.1 |
-80.4 |
77.7 |
17.2 |
5.0 |
-72.7 |
Mar-21 |
88.8 |
8.5 |
2.7 |
-86.1 |
81.1 |
14.3 |
4.5 |
-76.6 |
*Applicable only for those respondents who felt price has increased/price will increase. |
Table 5: Perceptions and Expectations on Income |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
22.7 |
52.4 |
24.9 |
-2.2 |
52.0 |
40.2 |
7.8 |
44.2 |
May-20 |
12.6 |
34.0 |
53.4 |
-40.8 |
39.5 |
39.1 |
21.4 |
18.1 |
Jul-20 |
8.3 |
28.9 |
62.8 |
-54.5 |
43.5 |
39.3 |
17.2 |
26.3 |
Sep-20 |
8.9 |
28.4 |
62.7 |
-53.8 |
53.2 |
36.7 |
10.0 |
43.2 |
Nov-20 |
8.4 |
28.5 |
63.1 |
-54.7 |
51.0 |
38.3 |
10.7 |
40.3 |
Jan-21 |
9.9 |
29.2 |
60.9 |
-51.0 |
51.3 |
38.8 |
9.9 |
41.4 |
Mar-21 |
7.9 |
30.5 |
61.6 |
-53.7 |
46.4 |
40.7 |
13.0 |
33.4 |
Table 6: Perceptions and Expectations on Spending |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
72.6 |
24.0 |
3.4 |
69.2 |
75.8 |
20.7 |
3.5 |
72.3 |
May-20 |
56.1 |
31.0 |
12.9 |
43.2 |
64.3 |
27.0 |
8.7 |
55.6 |
Jul-20 |
48.1 |
34.7 |
17.2 |
30.8 |
60.2 |
29.2 |
10.6 |
49.6 |
Sep-20 |
47.2 |
31.8 |
21.1 |
26.1 |
65.3 |
27.5 |
7.2 |
58.1 |
Nov-20 |
55.6 |
28.5 |
15.9 |
39.7 |
69.1 |
24.9 |
6.1 |
63.0 |
Jan-21 |
53.3 |
28.9 |
17.8 |
35.5 |
66.4 |
26.7 |
6.8 |
59.6 |
Mar-21 |
56.6 |
24.9 |
18.4 |
38.2 |
67.0 |
25.3 |
7.7 |
59.3 |
Table 7: Perceptions and Expectations on Spending- Essential Items |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
83.0 |
14.6 |
2.4 |
80.6 |
82.1 |
15.0 |
2.9 |
79.2 |
May-20 |
69.3 |
20.9 |
9.8 |
59.5 |
73.0 |
20.6 |
6.4 |
66.7 |
Jul-20 |
64.0 |
23.9 |
12.1 |
51.9 |
69.4 |
22.9 |
7.7 |
61.7 |
Sep-20 |
61.4 |
23.9 |
14.7 |
46.7 |
71.9 |
22.8 |
5.3 |
66.6 |
Nov-20 |
68.7 |
20.0 |
11.3 |
57.4 |
75.6 |
19.2 |
5.2 |
70.4 |
Jan-21 |
68.6 |
20.0 |
11.4 |
57.2 |
73.6 |
21.6 |
4.8 |
68.8 |
Mar-21 |
71.1 |
16.0 |
12.9 |
58.2 |
74.6 |
20.0 |
5.4 |
69.2 |
Table 8: Perceptions and Expectations on Spending- Non-Essential Items |
(Percentage responses) |
Survey Round |
Current Perception |
One year ahead Expectation |
Increased |
Remained Same |
Decreased |
Net Response |
Will Increase |
Will Remain Same |
Will Decrease |
Net Response |
Mar-20 |
27.7 |
42.0 |
30.3 |
-2.6 |
32.4 |
43.5 |
24.1 |
8.3 |
May-20 |
13.9 |
39.6 |
46.4 |
-32.5 |
22.0 |
42.4 |
35.6 |
-13.6 |
Jul-20 |
9.2 |
29.4 |
61.4 |
-52.2 |
22.2 |
37.9 |
39.9 |
-17.7 |
Sep-20 |
10.7 |
29.5 |
59.8 |
-49.1 |
31.3 |
37.4 |
31.4 |
-0.1 |
Nov-20 |
11.2 |
27.9 |
60.9 |
-49.7 |
28.7 |
37.3 |
34.0 |
-5.3 |
Jan-21 |
13.3 |
27.1 |
59.7 |
-46.4 |
27.5 |
36.7 |
35.8 |
-8.3 |
Mar-21 |
11.9 |
29.5 |
58.5 |
-46.6 |
24.7 |
38.3 |
37.1 |
-12.4 |
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